The epistle of Jude is written to warn the readers of false teaching within the church. The false teaching involves the promotion of lust, rebellion, and deception. False teaching quietly infiltrates into the nominal Christian church.  The nominal Christian church consists of both true Christians and false Christians (e.g., Mat 7:21-23, Lk 13:24-30).  In the book of Jude, there are several historical and symbolic illustrations to point out the errors that crept into the nominal church. Please click on links below to view You Tube videos discussing the epistle of Jude. Or, please continue with the study that follows.

Threefold Characteristics of the False Teachers of Jude

The Relationship of Jude to 2 Peter 2

Comments on the Epistle of Jude

1-2: Jude and those Sanctified, Preserved and Called

3: Contend for the Faith – Once Delivered

4: Ungodly – Licentious, Deny the Lord God and Lord Jesus Christ

5-7: Judgment – Three Historical Portraits

Destroyed those out of Egypt

Angels Reserved under Darkness

Sodom and Gomorrah – Eternal Fire

8-10: False Teachers – Defile the Flesh, Despise Dominion and Speak Evil of Glory

11: False Teachers – Cain, Balaam, Korah

12: Spots in Love Feasts, Clouds without Water, Trees with Withered Fruit

13-15: Waves of the Sea, Wandering Stars, Ungodliness

16: Lusts, Flatteries, Murmurers (Complainers)

17-19: Mockers / Divisions / Soulish

20-25: The Christian Response to False Teachers

 

Threefold Characteristics of the False Teachers of Jude

A marked characteristic of the epistle of Jude is the use of triplets in the writing. That is, there are many examples in Jude where a three-fold illustration or description is used. For example, in verse 1, a threefold description is presented of those saved individuals whom the epistle is written to which ultimately is all Christians. We see that they are 1) sanctified, 2) preserved, and 3) called. In verse 2, the salutation offers a three-fold blessing: 1) mercy, 2) peace, and 3) love. In verses 4-19, repeated descriptions of the false teachers that are the subject of Jude are presented. Consider the following table:

 

	Lust	Rebellion	Deception
Verse 4	Turn grace of God into lasciviousness	Deny the Lord (Master) God	Deny the Lord Jesus Christ
Verses 5-7	Sodom and Gomorrah (fornication and strange flesh)	Those brought out of Egypt who did not believe	Angels who left their habitation
Verse 8-10	Defile the flesh, Corrupt themselves	Despise dominion, Speak evil of what they know not	Speak evil of dignities, Know naturally, as brute beasts
Verse 11	Ran Greedily after the error of Balaam	Gainsaying of Korah	Way of Cain
Verse 12	Spots in love feasts, feeding themselves	Trees whose fruit withers, without fruit, twice dead	Clouds without water, carried by the winds
Verses 13-15	Wild waves, foaming out shame	Ungodly deeds / hard speeches	Wandering stars
Verse 16	Walking after their own lusts	Murmurers, complainers	Speak great swelling words, having people’s admiration
Verses 17-19	Sensual, not having the Spirit	Mockers who walk after their ungodly lusts	Separate themselves

 

The table above indicates that there is a repeated threefold description of the false teaches of Jude.  It can be reasoned that the errors of the false teachers can fall into three categories: lust, rebellion and deception.

 

But, why has God chosen to illustrate these warnings by the use of triplets? Or, is this just incidental information? To answer these questions, it is important to remember that the Bible is God speaking to us. The Bible is inspired by God (2 Tim 3:16) and was given to us through mankind (2 Pet 1:19-21). Also, all Scripture is inspired of God and is profitable (2 Tim 3:16). Therefore, the use of triplets in Jude must hold some spiritual significance that can teach us truth. When Scripture is compared with Scripture, we find great significance to the use of the number three in the Bible. For example, in John 21, we find a threefold warning to Peter to feed the sheep. This truth illustrates to us that it is God’s will that a prime mission of Christians is to share the Word of God with others. Many other examples of threes can be found in the passion of Christ. Consider the following:

 

Build temple in three days – Mk 15:29

Jesus to rise the third day – Mk 9:31

3 days/night – John 2:19-20, Mk 8:31, Mat 27:63

3 disciples found in garden sleeping – Mk 14:33, 41

Peter denied Christ 3 times – John 18:15-27, Mk 14:29-30, 69-72, John 13:37-38, Lk 22:34, 56-61, Mat 26:69-74

3 women at the cross – Mk 15:40, 16:1

3 crosses – Mk 15:27

Crucified at the third hour of the day – Mk 15:25

Darkness 3 hours – Mk 15:33

Command to take purse, script, sword – Lk 22:35-36

 

Also, the number three is used in other ways referring to the sovereign will of God. Consider the following passages using the number three:

 

3 transfigured – Mat 17:1-9, Mk 9:2-8, Lk 9:28-36

3 gifts to the Christ child – Mat 2:11

3^rd heaven – 2 Cor 12:2

3 appeals to take away thorn – 2 Cor 12:7-8

 

By considering all the above passages, it can be seen that the number three is significant in relating to the sovereign will of God. The number 3 symbolically represents the witness of God’s will.  See the symbolic meaning of numbers page on this website.

It would be safe to conclude that God, in the epistle of Jude, is underscoring His sovereign will in the matter of the false teachers in the midst of the congregation. It is God’s sovereign good pleasure to allow wickedness to invade the congregation of the just to prove they will remain faithful. God allows trials to come into the lives of His elect. It is His good pleasure that those in the congregation be challenged with issues that are contrary to the Word of God. It is good that believers are afflicted. This points them to the Word of God (Ps 119:67, 71) and causes perseverance and character to be built (Ro 5:3-5, James 1:2-4).

The Relationship of Jude to 2 Peter 2

 

It is important to understand the relationship between 2 Peter 2 and Jude. A comparison of the two passages reveals obvious similarities. The following table is provided to highlight the similarities. Similar passages can be seen in parallel:

 

Jude 4  –           2 Pet 2:1

Jude 6  –           2 Pet 2:4

Jude 7  –           2 Pet 2:6

Jude 8  –           2 Pet 2:10

Jude 9  –           2 Pet 2:11

Jude 10            –           2 Pet 2:12

Jude 12            –           2 Pet 2:13, 17

Jude 17            –           2 Pet 2:18

 

It can be seen in 2 Pet 2:1 and Jude 4, the subjects of the passages is about those false teachers who have crept into the congregation. These false teachers bring heresies and deny God. In 2 Pet 2:6 and Jude 7, the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah are prided as an example of the false teachers. The behavior and subsequent judgment on the cities serve as a stark reminder of judgment to be made on those who practice that type of sin.

 

In 2 Pet 2:10 and Jude 8, a description of the false teachers’ errors are provided. In both passages, it can be seen that they walk after the flesh in the lust of uncleanness and they despise government. In 2 Pet 2:17 and Jude 12-13, the symbolism of clouds carried by the wind and the judgment of the blackness of darkness is depicted. Finally in Jude 16 and 2 Pet 2:18, the false teachers are said to speak great swelling words of vanity.

 

Some have cast a dark shadow on the similarities of 2 Peter 2 and Jude. Because of these similarities, some have thought that Jude ‘copied’ off of Peter. Therefore, they imply that Jude may not actually be inspired of God. Of course, this is wrong. All Scripture is given by the inspiration of God (2 Tim 3:16, 2 Pet 1:19-21). It is obvious throughout Scripture that there are many quotations and parallel passages to other portions of Scripture. A classic example are the synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke). These stories of the life of Christ are very similar in many ways. However, they contain some differences that do not contradict, but rather complement the other Gospels.

 

By comparing Scripture with Scripture (1 Cor 2:13), more spiritual truth can be understood than if just one passage were looked at. In fact, this is true of the entire Bible. For example, in Jude, the false teachers are described as clouds without rain carried about by the winds. Without the rest of Scripture, it would be impossible to fully glean the depth of spiritual truth contained in these descriptions.

Comments on the Epistle of Jude

1-2: Jude and those Sanctified, Preserved and Called

 

Jude, the servant of Jesus Christ, and brother of James, to them that are sanctified by God the Father, and preserved in Jesus Christ, and called: Mercy unto you, and peace, and love, be multiplied. (Jude 1-2)

 

Jude – The name Jude (Greek: Ioudas) is the identical Greek name as ‘Judas’. Ioudas is derived from the Hebrew name ‘Judah’, which literally means ‘to praise’ (Gen 29:35).  The name ‘Jude’ itself points to the tribe of Judah, of which is the tribe of Jesus Christ (Heb 7:14, Ma 1:1-6, Lk 3:31-34, Rev 5:5).

 

Jude … brother of James – James, the brother of John (sons of thunder – Mk 3:17) and disciple of Jesus Christ (Mat 4:21, Mat 10:2-3, Acts 1:13) was put to death by Herod (see Acts 12:2).  After the time of Acts 12:2, the only other notable James in the New Testament was James the half-brother of Jesus (Gal 1:19, Mat 13:55, Mk 6:3, Acts 1:14). This James was the leader of the Jerusalem church (see Acts 12:17, 1 Cor 15:7, Gal 2:9, Ga 2:12).

 

There are three Judas’ discussed in the New Testament:

• Judas Iscariot (betrayer of Jesus Christ),
• Judas, one of the 12 apostles (Lk 6:16, Acts 1:13, Mat 10:3, Mk 3:18).  In Mark 3:18 and Mat 10:3, Jude is also known as Lebbaeus Thaddaeus.  This Jude was also noted to be ‘of James’ (Acts 1:13, Lk 6:16) and therefore, some believe he is the writer of the epistle of Jude.  However, he is not called the ‘brother’ of James; just ‘of James’. Notably, when a person is noted as being ‘of’ another person, typically, it is a reference to be of the lineage of that person (e.g., Lk 3:23-38). Notably, the disciples James and John were often noted as brothers (e.g., Mat 4:21, Mat 10:2, Mat 17:1). In Mat 10:2, James is noted to be ‘of Zebedee’, while John is his brother.
• Judas (Jude) – ½ brother of Jesus Christ. In Mark 6:3, the four ½ brothers of Jesus are James,  Joses, Juda (a.k.a., Judas, Jude) and Simon. Jude 1 and Mark 6:3 are the only passages which clearly indicate Judas as a brother of James.  Therefore, it can be concluded that Jude, the writer of the epistle of Jude is the ½ brother of Jesus Christ as was James, the leader of the Jerusalem church.  The spiritual significance of this is that as half-brother of Jesus and full brother of the leader of the Jerusalem church, Jude would bring to bear significant authority in the church. The question of authority in the church is the issue of concern in the epistle of Jude because of the false teaching infiltrating the church.

 

Servant of Jesus Christ – This description points to the fact that all believers no matter what their position are should be considered bondservants of Jesus Christ (see 2 Tim 2:24, 1 Pet 2:16, Eph 6:5-6, Ro 6:15-23, etc.). The fact that Jude’s physical relationship to Jesus is not underscored in the opening verse points to the supreme importance of his spiritual relationship as a bondservant of Christ, rather than just a physical relationship. Even though Jude has authority in the church to warn others about false teachers, he still considers himself as a servant for Christ firstly, secondly the brother of James.

 

To them that are sanctified by God the Father – To be sanctified is to be set apart for godly service. This projects a meaning of separation from sin which is one of the three errors that is rebuked in this epistle. Although sanctification does not always have to refer to one who is saved (e.g. 1 Cor 7:14), it does point to the fact that those whom the epsitle was addressed to had a special relationship to Christ (either one who is saved or within a family where there is at least one who is truly saved). All Christians are saints (1 Pet 1:2,15, 2:24, Gal 6:15, 2 Thess 2:13, Jude 1, Heb 3:1, Col 2:11‑13, 2 Cor 3:1‑11, Ps 4:3, 5:4, Col 3:12, 1 Cor 1:2,12,30,6:11,5:7, Acts 20:32, 2 Cor 5:17, Jer 1:5, Rev 1:5, etc.). The fact that Christians are sanctified by God the Father points to the fact that salvation is a work of God (Eph 2:8-9) and that the readers have been rescued from the sin of lust.

 

Preserved in Jesus Christ – This description of those whom the epistle was addressed points to their eternal security (John 6:37‑40, Ro 5:8‑10, Ro 8:29‑30, John 10:27‑30, John 5:24, John 17:11‑12, Heb 7:24-25, Phil 1:6, etc.). It is through the mediation of Christ that they are preserved for eternal life (see verse 24). The fact that they are preserved reminds the readers that even though there is rebellion in the church, this hazard will not affect their  status as Christians since they are preserved and kept from falling away (Jude 23-24, Phil 1:6).

 

Called – to be called (Ro 8:30, 9:24, 1 Cor 1:9, 7:18-24, Mat 22:14, etc.) points to the fact that the readers have heard the Word of God (i.e. the call) and have responded to it. To be saved, one must come under the hearing (or the call) of the Word of God (Ro 10:17). The deception that is rebuked in the epistle stands in contrast tho the simplicity of the Gospel of God by which the readers have been called.

 

Mercy unto you – Mercy points to man’s utter inability to save himself. All people deserve hell. It is only by God’s mercy that we are spared from an eternity in hell (2 Cor 4:1, Phil 2:27, 1 Tim 1:13‑16, Mat 17:15, Ro 9:15‑18). The reason for hell, the wrath of God is due to sin. Mercy is required to remediate the sin of lust.

 

Peace – Peace is the result of salvation. Once saved, we are no longer at enmity with God (Ro 5:1, 8:610:15, 15:33, 2:10, Eph 2:17, 6:15, Col 3:15, Lk 1:79, 2:14, Is 9:6, Mk 5:34, Rev 6:3‑4, etc.). The rebellion from God has been brought to an end. In the unsaved state, man is rebellious to God. Therefore, the greeting of peace is intended to remediate the sin of rebellion.

 

Love, be multiplied – Love is the highest of the three: faith, hope and love (1 Cor 13:13). Love is the essence of God and is what causes God to provide salvation to His people. Consider the following Biblical definitions of love:

 

1 John 3:18 (not in word, but in deed and truth)

2 John 6 (keeping commandments)

Lk 6:27, Mat 5:44 (love your enemies)

Ro 12:9 (love without hypocrisy)

John 15:13, 1 John 4:9‑10, John 3:16 (lay down one’s life)

Gal 5:13 (love is to serve/minister to one another)

1 Tim 1:5 (goal of instruction)

2 Pet 1:7 (more than brotherly kindness)

1 John 2:4‑5, 5:3 (love is perfected by keeping God’s Word)

John 13:35 (will be known by our love)

2 Cor 6:6 (in truth, Word of God)

Love: 1 Tim 1:5, 2 John 4‑6, Pr 10:12, 1 Cor 13, fulfill law by love (Gal 6:2)

Love God: Lk 10:25‑29, 1 John 3:23, 4:21, Deut 6:4‑5

Love Neighbor: Lev 19:18, Gal 5:14, John 13:34, 15:12, Mat 22:35‑40, 1 John 4:21

10 Commandments: Mat 22:35‑40, 19:16‑26, Mk 10:17‑22, Lk 18:18‑27

All commands on the Bible: 2 Tim 3:16, 1 John 4:6, 5:2-3, 2:5, John 14:24, 17:17‑19

All believers will love the brethren ‑ 1 John 3:10‑17, 2:9‑11, 4:11‑12, 16‑21

 

Love, in the context of Jude, is enjoined to remediate deception since true love is keeping the commandments of the Word of God (2 John 6, 1 John 2:4-5, 5:3).

3: Contend for the Faith – Once Delievered

 

Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you, and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints.

 

Beloved – God does not love all men (Ps 5:5, 11:5-6, 45:7, Ro 9:13-15, Mal 1:2-3, etc.). He hates the wicked. It should be understood how significant it is when Christians are called beloved. It is undeserved. By the grace of God, He loves us (Ro 5:8, John 3:16). Therefore, this epistle is addressed to true believers. It is only for those whom God has chosen to love and have been healed from spiritual blindness and deafness.

 

When I gave all diligence to write unto you – This is a reminder to us not to be slothful (Pr 6:6-9, Mat 25:26, etc.) in spiritual matters, but diligent (2 Tim 2:15, 2 Pet 1:5,10). The reference to the fact that the apostle was diligent to write points to the importance of and the method that God uses to transmit His Word – the written Holy Bible.

 

Of the common salvation – The salvation that Christians enjoy is a common experience. The word common in the Greek is the same as fellowship (Gr: koinonia). The fellowship is that which Christians have together. Although from different backgrounds, people can have unity (Phil 2:2, Ro 12:16, 1 Cor 1:10) because we all partake of one Spirit (1 Cor 12). Believers can share in the fellowship of trials, the Word of God and other Christian activity that makes up fellowship. The following is a description of the different types of fellowship that believers share in:

• Ministering the Gospel ‑ Phil 1;5, Gal 2:9, 2 Cor 8:23, Titus 1:4, Lk 5:10, Phm 17
• Doctrine – 2 John 11, Phm 6, Jude 3, Titus 1:14
• Sufferings – 2 Cor 1:7, Heb 10:33, 1 Pet 4:13, Phil 3:10, Phil 4:14-15, 1 Pet 4:13
• Giving – Ro 15:26-27, 2 Cor 8:4,9:13, Phil 4:14-15, Gal 6:6, 1 Tim 6:18, Heb 13:16, Ro 12:13
• With Jesus – 1 Cor 1:9, Phil 2:1, 2 Pet 1:4, 1 Cor 10:16, 1 John 1:3
• With Holy Spirit – 2 Cor 13:14, Phil 2:1
• Glory to be reveled – 1 Pet 5:1

 

To discuss and share the above activities is truly a blessed thing to do. But, as will be shortly seen, there is a more urgent need at hand.

 

It was needful for me to write unto you – the Greek word for needful is also translated as compel and constrain. Therefore, we should sense the urgency of the situation that Jude is addressing. Although it is surely more pleasant to talk about the positive aspects of salvation, there were problems at the locale of Jude’s addressees. These three issues were lust, rebellion, and deception. The fact that the message came in written form points to the fact that this epistle is part of the inspired Word of God since God has transmitted His Word in written form. To warn other believers of error should be a high concern for all believers, especially those who are elders and have authority over others (see Titus 1:5-11).

 

And exhort you – To exhort is to urge one to follow the right course of action. God’s desire is that believers know the truth and flee from error. Exhortation of others is an important part of Christian service ‑ Acts 2:40, 11:23, 14:22, 15:32, Ro 12:8 (a spiritual gift), 2 Cor 9:5 (giving), 1 Thess 2:11, 4:1, 5:14, 2 Thess 3:12, 1 Tim 2:1, 6:2, 2 Tim 4:2, Titus 1:9, 2:6, 15, Heb 3:13, 1 Pet 5:1,12. Also, the Word of God is referred to as the word of exhortation ‑ Acts 13:15, 1 Tim 4:13, Heb 12:5, 13:22. Therefore, the mention of exhortation is an important reminder of what Christian’s should do by sharing the Word of God.

 

That you should earnestly contend for the faith – The readers of the epistle are exhorted to partake in a battle. The Christian warfare is not of the flesh, but it is spiritual (Mat 10:34‑36, Lk 12:51‑53). The spiritual errors that are to be contended against in this instance is once again, lust, rebellion, and deception. The faith here is simply the truth of the Word of God (John 17:17). The word faith is the same as belief. Those things that are taken by faith in the Bible are to be earnestly contended for in a spiritual battle.

• The believers weapons are not of the flesh, but are spiritual ‑ Eph 6:11‑12, Phil 3:20, Mat 24:7, Is 42:6‑7, Eph 2:6, 1 Pet 2:5‑11,20ff, Mat :15‑19, Lk 2:14, Hos 1:7, 2 Tim 2:4, 2 Cor 10:3f, Eph 2:19, Mk 8:31‑33, 1 Pet 1:1, Rev 1:6, Heb 13:14, Col 1:13, John 18:36‑37, Col 3:1‑4, Lk 12:14, Mat 10:34, 2 Tim 2:16, Mk 12:17, Ps 73:25, Zech 9:9, Lk 22:36, Ro 12:1‑2, Lk 12:13ff, Mat 5:38f, 1 Cor 6:1‑8, Hos 8:9, 7:11, Ro 13.
• Christians are to war by faith and a good conscience – 1 Tim 1:18-19 as they fight the good fight of faith – 1 Tim 6:12

 

The word ‘contend’ should not be understood to be a physical battle or argument. Perhaps some wish to use this verse to justify the creation of arguments over the Bible. But, that is not the contention that is in view in Jude 3. The Greek word that is translated ‘earnestly contend’ is the Greek word epagōnizomai (G1864). Jude 3 is the only occurrence of this word, but this is a compound word from G1909 (epi meaning to cover) and G75 (agonizomai, meaning to struggle).  Agonizomai occurs 7 times:

• Jesus answered, My kingdom is not of this world: if my kingdom were of this world, then would my servants fight, that I should not be delivered to the Jews: but now is my kingdom not from hence.  (Joh 18:36)
• Fight the good fight of faith, lay hold on eternal life, whereunto thou art also called, and hast professed a good profession before many witnesses.  (1Ti 6:12)
• I have fought a good fight, I have finished my course, I have kept the faith:  (2Ti 4:7)
• Epaphras, who is one of you, a servant of Christ, saluteth you, always laboring fervently for you in prayers, that ye may stand perfect and complete in all the will of God.  (Col 4:12)
• Strive to enter in at the strait gate: for many, I say unto you, will seek to enter in, and shall not be able.  (Luk 13:24)
• And every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible.  (1Co 9:25)
• Whereunto I also labour, striving according to his working, which worketh in me mightily.  (Col 1:29)

Also the related Greek words agon (G73) and agonia (G74) are relevant:

• Having the same conflict which ye saw in me, and now hear to be in me.  (Php 1:30)
• For I would that ye knew what great conflict I have for you, and for them at Laodicea, and for as many as have not seen my face in the flesh;  (Col 2:1)
• But even after that we had suffered before, and were shamefully entreated, as ye know, at Philippi, we were bold in our God to speak unto you the gospel of God with much contention.  (1Th 2:2)
• Fight the good fight of faith, lay hold on eternal life, whereunto thou art also called, and hast professed a good profession before many witnesses.  (1Ti 6:12)
• I have fought a good fight, I have finished my course, I have kept the faith:  (2Ti 4:7)
• Wherefore seeing we also are compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which doth so easily beset us, and let us run with patience the race that is set before us,  (Heb 12:1)
• And being in an agony he prayed more earnestly: and his sweat was as it were great drops of blood falling down to the ground.  (Luk 22:44)

 

In all the above parallel passages, the contention for the faith of Jude 3 is not a verbal or physical fight, but rather it is a spiritual struggle to maintain the faith of Jesus Christ in an environment of false teachers.

 

Elsewhere in the New Testament, Christians are warned to not enter into quarrels, debates and arguments:

• The one preach Christ of contention, not sincerely, supposing to add affliction to my bonds: But the other of love, knowing that I am set for the defense of the gospel. (Php 1:16-17)
• But avoid foolish questions, and genealogies, and contentions, and strivings about the law; for they are unprofitable and vain.  (Tit 3:9)
• Flee also youthful lusts: but follow righteousness, faith, charity, peace, with them that call on the Lord out of a pure heart. But foolish and unlearned questions avoid, knowing that they do gender strifes. And the servant of the Lord must not strive; but be gentle unto all men, apt to teach, patient, (2Ti 2:22-24)
• But refuse profane and old wives’ fables, and exercise thyself rather unto godliness.  (1Ti 4:7)
• Neither give heed to fables and endless genealogies, which minister questions, rather than godly edifying which is in faith: so do. Now the end of the commandment is charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience, and of faith unfeigned: From which some having swerved have turned aside unto vain jangling; Desiring to be teachers of the law; understanding neither what they say, nor whereof they affirm. (1Ti 1:4-7)
• To speak evil of no man, to be no brawlers, but gentle, shewing all meekness unto all men.  (Tit 3:2)
  • No brawler – Gr: amachos (G269 – 2 occurrences (Titus 3:2, 1 Tim 3:3) – literally, without fights / battles (G3163)
    • Mache (G3163) – 4 occurrences: Titus 3:9, 2 Tim 2:23, 2 Cor 7:5, James 4:1
    • Machomai (G3164) – 4 occurrences: John 6:52, Acts 7:26, 2 Tim 2:24, James 4:2
    • Machaira (G3162) – all 29 occurrences – sword
  • Ready to make a defense of hope
    • But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts: and be ready always to give an answer to every man that asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you with meekness and fear:  (1Pe 3:15)

 

Faith which was once delivered unto the saints – God does not change (God is immutable ‑ Mal 3:6, Ja 1:7, Ex 3:14, Heb 13:8, 6:17, Ro 11:29, Ps 78:65, Num 23:19, Ps 102:25‑27, Heb 1:11‑12). Therefore, His Word cannot be altered.  It is the false teachers that seek to alter God’s Word by either adding to it or taking away from it (Rev 22:18-19).  Faith comes by hearing and hearing by the Word of God (Ro 10:17). The truth of God has been completed and is found in the Bible.  The Greek word for ‘delivered’ is paradidomi (G3860) and occurs in 121 verses in the New Testament. The word is translated as ‘delivered’, ‘betrayed’, and pother similar connotations.  The following verses are parallel passages that point to the ‘delivering’ (G3860) of truth and doctrine to God’s people:

• But God be thanked, that ye were the servants of sin, but ye have obeyed from the heart that form of doctrine which was delivered you.  (Rom 6:17)
• Now I praise you, brethren, that ye remember me in all things, and keep the ordinances, as I delivered them to you.  (1Co 11:2)
• For I have received of the Lord that which also I delivered unto you, That the Lord Jesus the same night in which he was betrayed took bread:  (1Co 11:23)
• For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures;  (1Co 15:3)
• And as they went through the cities, they delivered them the decrees for to keep, that were ordained of the apostles and elders which were at Jerusalem.  (Act 16:4)

 

It is also true that the Word of God is delivered to the saints. As discussed in Jude 1, it is to those who are set apart for the service of God to whom the Word of God is given. The Word of God is a mystery, a dark saying, a riddle to those who are not set apart for this message. God has brought Bible revelation through holy men of old. These three truths are that it is accurate and reliable, it is inspired of God, and it is completely the Word of God.

4: Ungodly – Licentious, Deny the Lord God and Lord Jesus Christ

 

For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ. (Jude 3-4)

 

 

	Lust	Rebellion	Deception
Verse 4	Turn grace of God into lasciviousness	Deny the Lord (Master) God	Deny the Lord Jesus Christ

 

For there are certain men crept in unawares – The Scriptures teach that there are in fact many in the church who are unsaved. Even those who may be in leadership and other positions in the church may be in reality false teachers who are actually teachers of Satan (2 Cor 11:11-15). Moreover, there is a great abundance of Scriptures that warn believers of false teachers and false prophets. In many cases these false teachers are not evident that they are not saved and are therefore teachers of Satan. Interestingly, the Scriptures even teach us that they may not even realize that they are unsaved. On Judgment Day, they will insist that they have done many great works, yet they were actually workers of unrighteousness (Mat 7:21ff).  The ‘men’ in Jude 4 is based on the Greek word ‘anthropos’, which is a generic form referencing humankind.  Therefore, the applicability of Jude 4 should not be limited to males, but include male and female false teachers.

 

 

The parallel passage in 2 Pet 2:1 says that the false prophets privately bring in damnable heresies. Note, these heresies are privily or secretly brought into the fold. This accords with what Jude 4 teaches concerning those who have crept in unawares. Also, these heresies are damnable. That is, they bring judgment to those who hold to these false teachings. The warning in Jude 4 and 2 Pet 2:1 is grave. The activity of false teachers is extremely important.

 

The fact that these false teachers crept in unawares is similar to that found in Gal 1:6-9. In Galatians, we find teachers who pervert the Gospel. That is, very subtly, they alter the true Gospel such that it can appear to be orthodox, however, it has become a false gospel. A study of Galatians reveals that one can teach very orthodox material, yet add just a little work (i.e. in the case of the Galatians, circumcision) such that it becomes a false gospel.

 

Who were before of old ordained to this condemnation – The term before of old ordained is translated from the Greek word ‘prographo’, which means before written. In other words, Jude here is stating that the fact that there would be false teachers predicted in the Bible. But, the fact that they would receive condemnation (literally, judgment) was predicted. In fact, the Scriptures warn of judgment for those who teach deception in the church.  Judgment Day is certain for all who are not saved.

 

Ungodly men, turning the grace of God into lasciviousness – Here is the first description of the false teachers: ungodly.  The Greek word for ungodly literally means to be ‘without worship or piety’.   They did not exhibit the characteristics of God. The fruit and holiness of what is typical in believer’s lives was not evident. This description of ungodly, points to the sensual nature of these individuals.

 

The grace of God is the free, joyful gift that results in salvation and spiritual gifts. The Greek word for grace is charis, which is derived from the Greek word chairo which means joyful.  These Greek words are also related to charisma which point to the spiritual gifts that God gives His people for ministry (1 Cor 12, 1 Pet 4:10, Ro 12:6, etc.):

• For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ.  (Joh 1:17)
• For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God:  (Eph 2:8)
• … I was made a minister, according to the gift of the grace of God given unto me by the effectual working of his power.  (Eph 3:7)
• But unto every one of us is given grace according to the measure of the gift of Christ.  (Eph 4:7)

 

The ungodliness of these people is further described by the turning the grace of God into lasciviousness. To be lascivious means to have a license to sin (Mk 7:22, 2 Cor 12:21, Gal 5:19, Eph 4:19, 1 Pet 4:3, 2 Pet 2:18, Ro 13:13).  It occurs in 9 verses in the Bible:

• Thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness:  (Mar 7:22)
• Let us walk honestly, as in the day; not in rioting and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and envying.  (Rom 13:13)
• And lest, when I come again, my God will humble me among you, and that I shall bewail many which have sinned already, and have not repented of the uncleanness and fornication and lasciviousness which they have committed.  (2Co 12:21)
• Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these; Adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness,  (Gal 5:19)
• Who being past feeling have given themselves over unto lasciviousness, to work all uncleanness with greediness.  (Eph 4:19)
• For the time past of our life may suffice us to have wrought the will of the Gentiles, when we walked in lasciviousness, lusts, excess of wine, revellings, banquetings, and abominable idolatries:  (1Pe 4:3)
• And delivered just Lot, vexed with the filthy conversation of the wicked:  (2Pe 2:7)
• For when they speak great swelling words of vanity, they allure through the lusts of the flesh, through much wantonness, those that were clean escaped from them who live in error.  (2Pe 2:18)
• For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.  (Jud 1:4)

 

The false teachers discussed in the Epistle of Jude taught antinomianism (the teaching that believers can be saved and still live like the world). The word antinomianism simply means to be against the law (of God). The Bible teaches that Christians will practice holiness and righteousness. Christians are holy.  Moreover, the reference to turning the grace of God into lasciviousness points to the same error ad in Ro 6:1, 15. That is, since God has saved men not by his works, but completely by God’s grace, why not sin that grace may abound? This teaching is condemned in Ro 6 as well as many other areas of Scripture. The fact that they ‘turned’ the grace of God into lasciviousness (or the license to sin), reminds the readers that the working of Satan can be very subtle. He is a deceiver and is very subtle. Galatians 1:6-9 and throughout the remainder of that epistle, Christians are reminded that the Gospel of grace can be very easily transformed into a false gospel. This is apparently what the case was in the epistle of Jude.

 

 

And denying the only Lord God – The second of the three errors identified in Jude 4 is that the Lord God was denied. The Greek word translated ‘Lord’ is the word despotes (G1203, 10 occurrences). The more common word for ‘Lord’ in the New Testament is kyrios. The term despotes points to a Master (in absolute authority) as in one who rules over others in bonds. In several instances (see below verses) it refers to a Master ruling over a servant.  Christians become slaves of righteousness (Ro 6:15-23, James 1:1, Eph 6:5-6, 1 Pet 2:16).  They are God’s willing slaves (Col 3:23-24, 2 Cor 4:5, etc.).  It is God who is at work in us to do and to will for His good pleasure (Phil 2:13).

 

Therefore, we see that the denial of the Master would amount to an act of rebellion from God, the One who should be served. More examples of rebellion from God will be reviewed later in the study of Jude. Below are all the occurrences of despotes in the Bible:

• Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in peace, according to thy word:  (Luk 2:29)
• And when they heard that, they lifted up their voice to God with one accord, and said, Lord, thou art God, which hast made heaven, and earth, and the sea, and all that in them is:  (Act 4:24)
• Let as many servants as are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honor, that the name of God and his doctrine be not blasphemed.  (1Ti 6:1)
• And they that have believing masters, let them not despise them, because they are brethren; but rather do them service, because they are faithful and beloved, partakers of the benefit. These things teach and exhort.  (1Ti 6:2)
• If a man therefore purge himself from these, he shall be a vessel unto honor, sanctified, and meet for the master’s use, and prepared unto every good work.  (2Ti 2:21)
• Exhort servants to be obedient unto their own masters, and to please them well in all things; not answering again;  (Tit 2:9)
• Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear; not only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward.  (1Pe 2:18)
• But there were false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction.  (2Pe 2:1)
• For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.  (Jud 1:4)
• And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?  (Rev 6:10)

 

Deny … and Lord Jesus Christ – The denial of the Lord (kyrios) Jesus Christ carries a slightly different connotation. While despotes points to absolute authority, kyrios points to one in ‘supreme authority’.  All power was given to Christ by His Father (Mat 28:18, Mat 11:27, Mat 16:28; Psa 2:6-9, Psa 89:19, Psa 89:27, Psa 110:1-3; Isa 9:6-7; Dan 7:14; Luk 1:32-33, Luk_10:22; Joh 3:35, Joh 5:22-27, Joh 13:3, Joh_17:2; Act 2:36, Act 10:36; Rom 14:9; 1Co 15:27; Eph 1:20-22; Php 2:9-11; Col 1:16-19; Heb 1:2, Heb 2:8; 1Pet 3:22; Rev 11:15, Rev 17:14, Rev 19:16.  But, Jesus said the Father is greater than the Son (John 14:28, John 13:16, Mat 12:18).  God the Father gave Jesus the words to speak to His people (John 17:8).

 

To deny Christ is to disown Him as Peter denied Him three times. It has the meaning of not identifying with Christ especially in times of persecution and distress. It carries the intent of not confessing Christ in that we do not agree with all that Christ has said. Jesus Christ is the Word of God (John 1:1). To deny Him is to deny His Word. When deception is present, the denial of Christ is present. It is important to confess Christ by agreeing to everything He is in His Word. A parallel passage in 2 Pet 2:1 also confirms that when heresies are present, then we deny the Lord who bought us. Christ is denied by wicked works ‑ Titus 1:16. The faith, power, and word can be denied ‑ 1 Tim 5:8, 2 Tim 3:5, Rev 2:13, 3:8. Peter denied the Lord – Mat 26:35,70-74, Mk 14:30-31,68-72, Lk 22:34,57-61, John 18:25-27.

 

The 2 key Greek words for denial are arneomai (G720, 31 occurrences – to contradict) and aparneomai (G533, 13 occurrences – to deny utterly, strengthened version of G720). In common terms, deny is to ‘say or do something that contradicts what it means to be a Christian.’

 

G720 (to deny):

Denying the faith – Jesus as the Son, Christ:

• The God of Abraham, and of Isaac, and of Jacob, the God of our fathers, hath glorified his Son Jesus; whom ye delivered up, and denied him in the presence of Pilate, when he was determined to let him  (Act 3:13)
• But ye denied the Holy One and the Just, and desired a murderer to be granted unto you;  (Act 3:14)
• Who is a liar but he that denieth that Jesus is the Christ? He is antichrist, that denieth the Father and the Son.  (1Jn 2:22)
• Whosoever denieth the Son, the same hath not the Father: (but) he that acknowledgeth the Son hath the Father  (1Jn 2:23)
• I know thy works, and where thou dwellest, even where Satan’s seat is: and thou holdest fast my name, and hast not denied my faith, even in those days wherein Antipas was my faithful martyr, who was slain among you, where Satan dwelleth.  (Rev 2:13)
• I know thy works: behold, I have set before thee an open door, and no man can shut it: for thou hast a little strength, and hast kept my word, and hast not denied my name.  (Rev 3:8)
• And he confessed, and denied not; but confessed, I am not the Christ.  (Joh 1:20)
• And Jesus said, Who touched me? When all denied, Peter and they that were with him said, Master, the multitude throng thee and press thee, and sayest thou, Who touched me? And Jesus said, Somebody hath touched me: for I perceive that virtue is gone out of me. And when the woman saw that she was not hid, she came trembling, and falling down before him, she declared unto him before all the people for what cause she had touched him, and how she was healed immediately. (Luk 8:45-47)

False teaching:

• But there were false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction.  (2Pe 2:1)
• For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, turning the grace of our God into lasciviousness, and denying the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.  (Jud 1:4)
• False teachers of Titus 1:9-16:
  • Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers.  (Tit 1:9)
  • For there are many unruly and vain talkers and deceivers, specially they of the circumcision:  (Tit 1:10)
  • Whose mouths must be stopped, who subvert whole houses, teaching things which they ought not, for filthy lucre’s sake.  (Tit 1:11)
  • One of themselves, even a prophet of their own, said, The Cretians are alway liars, evil beasts, slow bellies.  (Tit 1:12)
  • This witness is true. Wherefore rebuke them sharply, that they may be sound in the faith;  (Tit 1:13)
  • Not giving heed to Jewish fables, and commandments of men, that turn from the truth.  (Tit 1:14)
  • Unto the pure all things are pure: but unto them that are defiled and unbelieving is nothing pure; but even their mind and conscience is defiled.  (Tit 1:15)
  • They profess that they know God; but in works they deny him, being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate.  (Tit 1:16)

By a sinful lifestyle:

• Teaching us that, denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present world;  (Tit 2:12)
• But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel.  (1Ti 5:8)
• They profess that they know God; but in works they deny him, being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate.  (Tit 1:16)
• Having a form of godliness, but denying the power thereof: from such turn away.  (2Ti 3:5)

Good works cannot be denied:

• Saying, What shall we do to these men? for that indeed a notable miracle hath been done by them is manifest to all them that dwell in Jerusalem; and we cannot deny  (Act 4:16)

Peter’s three denials of Christ (not with Him, do not even know Him):

• 1^st denial
  • Denies that he is a disciple of Jesus – John 18:17
  • Denies being with Jesus – Mat 26:69-70, Mk 14:66-68, and knowing Him (Lk 22:54-57)
  • Cock crows first time – Mk 14:68
• 2^nd denial
  • Peter denies that he is a disciple of Christ – John 18:25
  • Denies being with Jesus or even knowing Him – Mat 26:71-72, Mk 14:69-70, Lk 22:58
• 3^rd denial
  • Peter denies being in the garden with Jesus – John 18:26
  • Even though his speech is like Him (Galilean), he denies that he knows Him – Mat 26:73-74, Mk 14:70-71, Lk 22:59-60 (1 hour later)
  • Cock immediately crows second time – Mk 14:72, Lk 22:60
• But he denied before them all, saying, I know not what thou sayest.  (Mat 26:70)
• And again he denied with an oath, I do not know the man.  (Mat 26:72)
• But he denied, saying, I know not, neither understand I what thou sayest. And he went out into the porch; and the cock crew.  (Mar 14:68)
• And he denied it again. And a little after, they that stood by said again to Peter, Surely thou art one of them: for thou art a Galilaean, and thy speech agreeth  (Mar 14:70)
• And he denied him (, saying, Woman, I know him not.  (Luk 22:57)
• And Simon Peter stood and warmed himself. They said therefore unto him, Art not thou also one of his disciples? He denied it, and said, I am not.  (Joh 18:25)
• Peter then denied again: and immediately the cock crew.  (Joh 18:27)

Moses who denied to be called Pharaoh’s daughter was denied by Israel:

• This Moses whom they refused, saying, Who made thee a ruler and a judge? the same did God send to be a ruler and a deliverer by the hand of the angel which appeared to him in the bush.  (Act 7:35)
• By faith Moses, when he was come to years, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter;  (Heb 11:24)

If Christians deny Him, He will deny them resulting in their damnation ‑ 2 Tim 2:12, Mat 10:33, Lk 12:9, 1 John 2:22‑23, Jude 4, John 12:42-43.

• But whosoever shall deny me before men, him will I also deny before my Father which is in heaven.  (Mat 10:33)
• If we suffer, we shall also reign with him: if we deny him, he also will deny us:  If we believe not, yet he abideth faithful: he cannot deny himself.  (2Ti 2:12-13)
• But he that denieth (G720) me before men shall be denied (G533) before the angels of God.  (Luk 12:9)

 

G533 (to utterly deny):

Disciples of Christ must deny themselves:

• Then said Jesus unto his disciples, If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.  (Mat 16:24)
• And when he had called the people unto him with his disciples also, he said unto them, Whosoever will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.  (Mar 8:34)
• And he said to them all, If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily, and follow me.  (Luk 9:23)

Peter to deny Christ (John 13:38, Mat 26:34-35, Mk 14:30-31, Lk 22:34):

• Jesus said unto him, Verily I say unto thee, That this night, before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice.  (Mat 26:34)
• Peter said unto him, Though I should die with thee, yet will I not deny thee. Likewise also said all the disciples.  (Mat 26:35)
• And Peter remembered the word of Jesus, which said unto him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice. And he went out, and wept bitterly.  (Mat 26:75)
• And Jesus saith unto him, Verily I say unto thee, That this day, even in this night, before the cock crow twice, thou shalt deny me thrice.  (Mar 14:30)
• But he spake the more vehemently, If I should die with thee, I will not deny thee in any wise.   Likewise also said they all.  (Mar 14:31)
• And the second time the cock crew. And Peter called to mind the word that Jesus said unto him, Before the cock crow twice, thou shalt deny me thrice. And when he thought thereon, he wept.  (Mar 14:72)
• And he said, I tell thee, Peter, the cock shall not crow this day, before that thou shalt thrice deny that thou knowest me.  (Luk 22:34)
• And the Lord turned, and looked upon Peter. And Peter remembered the word of the Lord, how he had said unto him, Before the cock crow, thou shalt deny me thrice.  (Luk 22:61)
• Jesus answered him, Wilt thou lay down thy life for my sake? Verily, verily, I say unto thee, The cock shall not crow, till  thou hast denied me thrice.  (Joh 13:38)

Those who deny will suffer judgment at the last day:

But he that denieth (G720) me before men shall be denied (G533) before the angels of God.  (Luk 12:9)

5-7: Judgment – Three Historical Portraits

 

I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once knew this, how that the Lord, having saved the people out of the land of Egypt, afterward destroyed them that believed not. And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day. Even as Sodom and Gomorrha, and the cities about them in like manner, giving themselves over to fornication, and going after strange flesh, are set forth for an example, suffering the vengeance of eternal fire. (Jude 5-7)

 

	Lust	Rebellion	Deception
Verses 5-7	Sodom and Gomorrah (fornication and strange flesh)	Those brought out of Egypt who did not believe	Angels who left their habitation

 

 

I will therefore put you in remembrance, though ye once knew this – To remember God (see also 2 Pet 1:13-15, 2 Pet 3:1, Lk 22:61, 1 Cor 11:24-25, Lk 22:19, Mal 3:16) spiritually means to identify with everything He has said in His Word. It signifies that we can easily be led astray to believe false teachers and false prophets. To be a Christian means that we have been under the hearing of the Word of God. Faith comes by hearing and hearing by the Word of God (Ro 10:17). Therefore, Christians once knew and were enlightened to the truth of the Word of God. As the Christian life continues, it is possible to be exposed to deception. This is why Bible study is commanded in the Bible (e.g. 2 Tim 2:15).

Destroyed those out of Egypt

 

How the Lord, having saved the people out of the Land of Egypt – First, it should be noted that it is the Lord that physically saved the people out of Egypt. The saving of the People out of Egypt was a physical symbol, a historical parable of the spiritual salvation of God’s people. In Egypt, Israel was in bondage which is a symbol of being in bondage to Satan and to sin (2 Tim 2:24-26, 2 Pet 2:19, Lk 1:74, 5:10, Ro 6:6,17-18, Gal 4:3-11,21-31, 5:1, Titus 3:1, etc.). When they were released and made free, this becomes a portrait of salvation (e.g. Ro 8:30-32). However, it is clear from this phrase in Jude, that physical Israel served only as a portrait of what salvation is and not that they were actually saved (see Heb 3-4). Therefore, we simply understand the above phrase to mean that national Israel was physically saved from Egypt although there remains a spiritual portrait of salvation involved with the Exodus:

• Exo 2:23; Exo 6:5; Exo 6:6; Exo 13:3; Exo 13:14; Exo 20:2; Lev 25:42; Lev 26:13; Deu 5:6; Deu 6:12; Deu 6:21; Deu 7:8; Deu 8:14; Deu 13:5; Deu 13:10; Deu 15:15; Deu 16:12; Deu 24:18; Deu 24:22; Deu 26:6; Deu 28:68; Jos 24:17; Jdg 6:8; Je _34:13.

 

Afterward destroyed them that believed not – Those who were used by God as a symbol of salvation in being brought out of Egypt but did not believe God in the wilderness are symbolic of those who claim the name of God and identify with God, yet are not really saved. They do not have saving faith. Faith is given to believers from God. Many who have man-generated faith are not really saved (Phil 1:29, Eph 2:8-9, 2 Pet 1:1-4, etc.). There are many unsaved in the church. The example of those in Israel who perished in the wilderness serve as an example for us (1 Cor 10:12, Heb 3-4). They teach us of the results of rebellion. Israel saw great signs of God, yet did not believe. They rebelled in the wilderness. This is an example for those who call them Christians to beware of denying our Master in acts of rebellion. Therefore, this verse in Jude reminds the reader that although one identifies himself as being a Christian, they may not be actually saved. In reality, they may be in rebellion to God.

• Num 14:22-37, Num 26:64-65; Deu 2:15-16; Psa 106:26; Heb 3:16-19, Heb 4:1-5, Jude 5, Deut 1:34-35, Heb 3:11, Heb 3:18, Psa 95:8-11, Isa 28:12, Jer 6:16

Rebelled in the wilderness:

• And they took of the fruit of the land in their hands, and brought it down unto us, and brought us word again, and said, It is a good land which the LORD our God doth give us. Notwithstanding ye would not go up, but rebelled against the commandment of the LORD your God (Deu 1:25-26)
• Yea, they despised the pleasant land, they believed not his word:  (Psa 106:24)
• And all the congregation lifted up their voice, and cried; and the people wept that night. And all the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron: and the whole congregation said unto them, Would God that we had died in the land of Egypt! or would God we had died in this wilderness! And wherefore hath the LORD brought us unto this land, to fall by the sword, that our wives and our children should be a prey? were it not better for us to return into Egypt? And they said one to another, Let us make a captain, and let us return into Egypt. (Num 14:1-4)
• But they rebelled, and vexed his holy Spirit: therefore he was turned to be their enemy, and he fought against them. (Isa 63:10)

Angels Reserved under Darkness

 

And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation – Fallen angels are put forth as an example of those who bring heresy. Angels simply refer to messengers of the Gospel, whether human or spirit. Therefore, an angel (i.e. messenger) refers to anybody who brings forth a spiritual message.  The angels who fell sinned (2 Pet 2:4). These are those fallen angels who with Satan are bound for 1000 years (spiritually). ‘First estate’ (Gr: arche) simple means beginning or principality. The angels were created sinless but, fell with Satan when he rebelled (Rev 12:4, 2 Pet 2:4).

 

 

He hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day – The penalty for sin (and in particular the sin of deception) is that of eternal judgment. The everlasting chain points to the fact that those who sin cannot free themselves from their condition of being under the wrath of God (John 3:36). Darkness reminds of us of the condition of those who teach deception. They are not under the light of Christ and the Gospel. The great day refers to Judgment Day. There is a day coming where God will recompense sin. The great Day is a day of wrath, a Day of the Lord, and the Last Day.

Sodom and Gomorrah – Eternal Fire

 

Even as Sodom and Gomorrah, and the cities about them in like manner – Sodom and Gomorrah are used in the Scriptures as a classic example of judgment for sin (Gen 10:19, 13:10‑13, 14, 18:16‑19:28, Amos 4:11, Mk 6:11, Lk 10:12, 17:29, Ro 9:29, Jude 7, Rev 11:8, Zeph 2:9, Mat 10:15, 11:23-24, Ez 16:46-56, Deut 29:33, 32:32, Is 1:9-10, 3:9, 13:19, Jer 23:14, 49:18, 50:40, 2 Pet 2:6-7). The cities about them are Admah and Zeboiim (Deut 29:23, Hos11:8, Gen 14:8). These cities serve as an example of the nature of sin. Sin is infectious and spreads like leaven. Instead of truth being sent out from Sodom and Gomorrah, sin was sent forth and infected these other cities.

 

Giving themselves over to fornication – The parallel passage in 2 Pet 2:6-9 reminds one that Sodom and Gomorrah are an example of those who live wicked, ungodly lives. Physically, fornication points to the satisfaction of the lust of the flesh. This is parallel to the Jude 4 concept of lasciviousness or lust. Believers are to flee from fornication (2 Cor 6:18). The reminder that false teachers have given themselves over to fornication points to the fact that they have corrupted the pure marriage relationship with Christ. They have committed spiritual adultery in pursuing the things of the flesh.

 

Fornication spiritually means the following of false gospels and not maintaining a pure relationship with God (Gr: porneia ‑ Mat 15:19, 1 Cor 5:1, 6:13,18, 7:2, Gal 5:19, Eph 5:3, Col 3:5, 1 Thess 4:3, spiritual adulterer/whoremonger – Jer 3:2‑9, 29:23, Ez 16:20‑36, 23:7‑43, Hos 1:2, 2:2‑3, 4:13‑14, se Rev 2:22, Eze 16:15,29, see Rev 2:14,20‑21, 9:21, Rev 2:14,20‑21, 9:21,  17:1‑4, 8:3, 19:2, Ez 16:15,26,29, Is 23:17, Col 3:5, Eph 5:32).

 

Going after strange flesh – Literally, this means going after other flesh. This points to the wicked sin of homosexuality (Ro 1:26‑28, 1 Cor 6:9, Lev 18:22, 20:13, Deut 23:18, Gen 19:5‑8, Jud 19:22). This is referred to as a extreme example of sin in Ro 1:26-28. Woe unto those who bring a doctrine within God’s church where sin is acceptable behavior for those who name the name of Christ.

 

Are set forth as an example – The Bible emphasizes the importance of examples. The Bible itself is an example of the mind of Christ (1 Cor 10:6, Heb 4:11, 8:5, James 5:10). We are to learn by godly example and to follow example of other believers ‑ 1 Tim 4:12, John 13:15, Titus 2:7, 1 Pet 5:3. We are to stand in fear of ungodly examples (1 Cor 10:12).

 

 

Suffering the vengeance of eternal fire – The ungodly example of Sodom and Gomorrah serve as a reminder that there is a hell and there is a Judgment Day. This is a place and time of suffering for sin. It is referred to the vengeance of God. God is patient not wishing any to perish (2 Pet 3:9). However, there is a day when God takes revenge against sin (2 Thess 1:6-8). The Great White throne Judgment results in eternal fire (Rev 20:7-12). It is a fire that is unquenchable hell fire. In other words, after Judgment Day, the fate of those who are not saved is an eternity in a place of great distress. Fire points to the destructive nature of eternal hell. There is no edifying (building up) is hell.

8-10: False Teachers – Defile the Flesh, Despise Dominion and Speak Evil of Glory

 

Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of dignities. Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. But these speak evil of those things which they know not: but what they know naturally, as brute beasts, in those things they corrupt themselves. (Jude 8-10)

 

	Lust	Rebellion	Deception
Verse 8-10	Defile the flesh, Corrupt themselves	Despise dominion, Speak evil of what they know not	Speak evil of dignities, Know naturally, as brute beasts

 

The next triplet of illustrations of the false teachers is found in verses 8-10. It will be seen shortly that the filthy dreamers that defile the flesh are those who follow lust. The despising of dominions points to their rebellious nature and the speaking evil of dignities point to the deception of the false teachers.

 

 

Likewise these filthy dreamers defile the flesh – The term ‘likewise’ points back to the threefold description of the false teachers outlined in verses 5 – 7. First, the filthy dreamers that defile the flesh points to the sensual nature of those teachers that teach lasciviousness and go in the way of Sodom and Gomorrah. Filthiness in the Bible refers to the corrupt nature of sin and its effect of soiling the garment with the stain of sin (Isa 4:4, James 1:21, 2 Cor 7:1, Pr 30:12, Ez 22:15, 24:11‑13, 36:25). It also points to the uncleanness of the flesh (Gr: akathartes ‑ Eze 22:15, Lam 1:9, Rev 16:13, 1 Cor 7:14, Eph 5:3‑5, 4:19, Col 3:5, 1 Thess 2:3, 4:7, Gal 5:19, 2 Cor 12:21, Ro 1:24, 6:19, Mat 23:27).

 

The word defile (Greek: miaino (G3392), miasma (G3393) and miasmos (G3394)) literally means to taint, stain, pollute. The following are other occurrences in the New Testament:

G3392:

• Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment: and it was early; and they themselves went not into the judgment hall, lest they should be defiled; but that they might eat the passover.  (Joh 18:28)
• Unto the pure all things are pure: but unto them that are defiled and unbelieving is nothing pure; but even their mind and conscience is defiled. They profess that they know God; but in works they deny him, being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate. (Tit 1:15-16)
• Looking diligently lest any man fail of the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you, and thereby many be defiled;  (Heb 12:15)
• Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of dignities.  (Jud 1:8)

G3393:

• For if after they have escaped the pollutions of the world through the knowledge of the Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, they are again entangled therein, and overcome, the latter end is worse with them than the beginning.  (2Pe 2:20)

G3394:

• But chiefly them that walk after the flesh in the lust of uncleanness, and despise government. Presumptuous are they, selfwilled, they are not afraid to speak evil of dignities.  (2Pe 2:10)

G283 (amiantos – undeiled):

• For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;  (Heb 7:26)
• Marriage is honourable in all, and the bed undefiled: but whoremongers and adulterers God will judge.  (Heb 13:4)
• Pure religion and undefiled before God and the Father is this, To visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and to keep himself unspotted from the world.  (Jas 1:27)
• To an inheritance incorruptible, and undefiled, and that fadeth not away, reserved in heaven for you,  (1Pe 1:4)

 

The term dreamers points to those who trust in their own source of revelation instead of trusting in God’s Word, the Bible. In short, it points to those who bring a false gospel (see Zech 10:2, Jer 23:27‑32, 27:9, 29:8, Deut 13:1‑5, Isa 29:8‑10). Trusting in one’s own way to truth and not in God’s Word naturally results in being filthy in sin. The parallel passage in 2 Pet 2:10 notes that the false teachers follow the lust of uncleanness. They walk in the flesh. Instead of God’s Word leading them and thereby walking in the Spirit, they chose rather to follow their flesh and pursued lasciviousness. It is similar to pastors that overlook sin in the congregation or in some cases may encourage believers to partake of worldliness and ignore the discipline of a holy life (godliness).

 

Despise dominions – To despise dominion is to put away authority. In other words, it is doing what is right in one’s own eyes (see the book of Judges for example). Persons that enter into the church secretly bringing false gospels despise the dominion of God’s authority in the Bible. An example would be teaching from one’s own wisdom or the wisdom of others and not resting completely on God’s Word. It is akin to denying our Master God. Instead of doing it God’s way, we want to do it our own way. The characteristics of false teachers are either adding to God’s Word of removing from God’s Word. In 2 Pet 2:10, the false teachers are said to despise government. They did not want to submit to legitimate authority. For example, the elders were to have the spiritual rule in the church in all things lawful. Instead of submitting in all things lawful, they instead chose to follow their own devising.

 

Speak evil of dignities – To speak evil is the same Greek Word as blasphemy. When the word blasphemy is studied in the Bible, we find it is speaking against God, saying that Christ is under the power of Satan, or otherwise bringing false teaching about God, Christ or the Gospel.

 

The term dignities is literally the Word glory (Gr: doxa) used here and in 2 Pet 2:10. To glorify God is to do righteousness, speaking of God’s greatness, spreading the Gospel, and sharing the Word of God (Mat 5:16, Ro 15:6, Eph 1:6, 1 Pet 2:12, Heb 4:11, 1 Pet 4:16, 2 Thess 3:1, Acts 13:48). However, the false teachers in the book of Jude spoke against the things of God. Their deceptive nature resulted in blasphemy.  In 2 Pet 2:10, the false teachers are noted to be presumptuous, self-willed and not afraid to speak evil of dignities. In other words, these teachers are bold in their deceptive ways and they may have even presumed that they were correct. The following verses refer to the Gospel / Word of God as glorious:

• In whom the god of this world hath blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them. (2Co 4:4)
• Whiles by the experiment of this ministration they glorify God for your professed subjection unto the gospel of Christ, and for your liberal distribution unto them, and unto all men; (2Co 9:13)
• Whereunto he called you by our gospel, to the obtaining of the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ. (2Th 2:14)
• According to the glorious gospel of the blessed God, which was committed to my trust. (1Ti 1:11)
• If thou wilt not observe to do all the words of this law that are written in this book, that thou mayest fear this glorious and fearful name, THE LORD THY GOD; (Deu 28:58)
• Gird thy sword upon thy thigh, O most mighty, with thy glory and thy majesty. (Psa 45:3)
• To whom art thou thus like in glory and in greatness among the trees of Eden? yet shalt thou be brought down with the trees of Eden unto the nether parts of the earth: thou shalt lie in the midst of the uncircumcised with them that be slain by the sword. This is Pharaoh and all his multitude, saith the Lord GOD. (Eze 31:18)
• And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth. (Joh 1:14)
• And when the Gentiles heard this, they were glad, and glorified the word of the Lord: and as many as were ordained to eternal life believed. (Act 13:48)
• Finally, brethren, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may have free course, and be glorified, even as it is with you: (2Th 3:1)

 

Verse 9 overview:

 

 

Verse 9 serves as an illustration of the latter part of verse 8 concerning the speaking evil of dignities (or glories). Verse 9 contains an example of Michael the Archangel contending with Satan about the body of Moses. Michael did not respond with accusations, but rather with a simple statement that it is God who is the One who rebukes. Michael appealed to the Word of the Lord for his authority. In contrast to the speaking evil of dignities in verse 8, it reminds us that the proper way to engage in conflict with others is to appeal to the word of God, not to bring railing accusations. Let us now examine this and other important lessons in verse 9.

 

Yet Michael the Archangel – First, archangel literally means ‘chief messenger’. Without knowing anything else about this word, one should clearly know who the chief messenger.  It is Christ that is referred to as an angel (messenger) in Gal 4:14. Of course, as God Himself, Christ is the chief messenger of the Gospel. However, many have made an assumption that this cannot be Christ because Michael is referred to as an angel. But, when the proper definition of the word angel is employed, there is no harm in understanding Michael as a representation of Jesus Christ, who is God, and is the chief messenger.  Michael (see also Dan 10:13, 21, 21:1) simply means: Who is like God? It is Jesus Christ who is the exact representation of God (Col 1:15). Therefore, Michael must represent Christ. This is confirmed by the usage of Michael in Dan 10:13, 21, 12:1. There, it can be seen that He is described as the Great Prince who stands up for the children of God. Elsewhere in Scripture Christ is referred to as the Prince of the people (see Isa 9:6, Eze 37:25, Acts 5:31, Dan 9:25). Therefore, there is great Scriptural harmony with understanding Michael as a name for Christ.

 

When contending with the devil, he disputed about the body of Moses – The fact that Michael is Christ is further confirmed in that it is He who contends with the devil. In Rev 12:7, it is Michael who battles with the dragon, or Satan. This is a picture of the battle of the kingdoms and the fact that Christ has defeated Satan at the cross (Heb 2:14, John 12:31-32, Mat 12:28-29, John 16:11, etc.). The word ‘contending’ is the Greek word ‘diakrino’, which means to judge against. In other words, there was a time that Christ disputed and judged against the devil over the body of Moses. The body of Moses is recalled to be present in the transfiguration (Mat 17:3, Lk 9:30). It was at that time, that Moses’ body was transfigured into glory. To be able to transform the body of Moses into glory, it was necessary to contend with the devil since Satan was not rendered powerless at the cross (Heb 2:14). He was not yet bound (Mat 12:28-29, Rev 20:1-3). Satan is referred to as the devil in the above phrase since he is in this case playing his role as accuser. The term devil means accuser (Rev 2:10, 12:9, 12, 20:2,10). In other words, when the devil contended with Michael, as Christ, he was speaking against glory, or speaking evil of dignities as verse 8 puts it. Therefore, verse 9 is an example of the blasphemy against glory in verse 8.

 

 

Durst not bring against him a railing accusation – At the time of the transfiguration, Jesus did not yet defeat Satan. This would happen at the time of the cross (Heb 2:14).  This provides an important example to us about judgment. Judgment belongs to the Lord at His appointed time.  The parallel passage in 2 Pet 2:11 provides additional insight into the above phrase. It can be seen in the context of 2 Pet 2:10-11, those that walk in lust, rebellion, and deception are not judged by the angels before the Lord. In other words, those in our midst who practice lust, rebellion and deception are not yet judged. It is still the day of Salvation and there is still hope that these individuals will repent (e.g. 1 Cor 5). Similarly, when those who teach false doctrine arise in the church, it is not one’s business to try to pronounce judgment as to these people’s motives or spiritual condition. It is simply one’s responsibility to point them to the Word of God where the Lord will rebuke them.

 

but said, the Lord rebuke thee – Judgment of those who practice these terrible sins is the Lord’s business, not the business of Christians (Ro 2:1-5, Mat 7:1-5, James 4:11-12, Ro 14:10). While it is true that elders have a responsible for spiritual oversight in the church, any discipline administered is not to be judgmental, but rather a warning so that they may be saved in the Day of Christ (1 Cor 5:5). On Judgment Day, it will be the Word of God that judges each according to their works (Rev 19:13-16).

 

But these speak evil of those things which they know not – The ways of God other than the physical creation are not evident to the unsaved man. The revelation of God comes in two ways, natural revelation and special revelation. All people can know certain things about God through the creation (Ro 1:19-20, Ps 19, etc.). However, it is His special revelation, His Word, by which we can know Him and come into a saving relationship with Christ (Ro 10:17). Therefore, the fact that false teachers speak evil, or blaspheme against God is not surprising. It is in this sense man is in rebellion against God. The things that can be known of God are found are in the Bible, however, the unsaved man is both spiritually blind (cannot see God’s natural revelation for the truths about God) and also spiritually deaf (cannot hear the truths of God’s Word). On the other hand, Christians are enlightened and become Holy to be able to understand spiritual truth. The Holy Spirit becomes the teacher of the believer (1 John 2:20-27).

 

 

But what they know naturally as brute beasts – On the other hand, people can naturally have great knowledge of the things of the world. The word naturally is the Greek word ‘phusikos’. This word is used both in Ro 1:26-27 and 2 Pet 2:12 and refers to the natural instincts of man. Therefore, these false teachers engage in deception that appeals to what can be naturally known through the flesh. It points to Christian teaching that is based on the things of the world and not on the Bible.  The teaching of ‘natural’ knowledge which any human being can relate to is deception. It is not appropriate to soften the message of the Bible or avoid the Bible since it may not be understandable to some in the gathering. The reference to brute beasts points reminds the reader that the false teachers are doing what comes natural to the flesh. They are caught up in the works of the flesh (Gal 5:19-23). The term brute (Gr: alogos) literally means without a word. This points to the fact that they do not have the word of God. They are teaching from their own devices. Beasts (Gr: zoon) points to the fact that these false teachers are like living creatures. They are like any other creature of the flesh. The flesh underscores the sinful nature of man.

 

In those things they corrupt themselves – The natural result of deceptive teaching that is based on the flesh and not on the Bible is that of corruption. That which is corrupt points to that which is not saved and is corrupted by sin. It is the nature of the old man that is corrupted by lust (Eph 4:22). The flesh lusts against the Spirit because the flesh is still subject to the corruption of sin (Ro 8:1-9).

 

Therefore in verse 10, it can be seen that false teachers rebel from God in that they really do not know Him or His Word. They are blind and deaf to spiritual truth. This results in the teaching of deception since they are not able to teach the Bible. Therefore, they resort to fleshly examples and human generated wisdom which cannot glorify God (Jer 4:22, Ro 1:22, Is 29:14, James 3:15, 2 Cor 1:12-13, Col 2:23, 1 Cor 1:19, 2:6, 3:19-20, Acts 17:18, Col 2:8). The truth of the Bible takes a back seat. This rebellion and deception naturally leads to corruption of sin and ultimately eternal judgment.

11: False Teachers – Cain, Balaam, Korah

 

Woe unto them! for they have gone in the way of Cain, and ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward, and perished in the gainsaying of Core. (Jude 11)

 

	Lust	Rebellion	Deception
Verse 11	Ran Greedily after the error of Balaam	Gainsaying of Korah	Way of Cain

 

The next triplet of examples of the activity of the false teachers is found in verse 11.

 

 

Woe unto them – Woe is a spiritual condition of being under the wrath of God (Rev 9:12, 2 Pet 2:4,9, Mat 12:22‑29, Mk 3:23‑27, Lk 11:17‑22, Mat 16:8f, Is 48:24, 53:9‑12, Col 1:13, 2:15, Eph 2:11‑13), or in other words unsaved (Ro 5:9). Woe is a warning (1 Cor 9:16, Jude 11, Lk 6:24‑26, Mat 23, Mk 13:17, Mat 24:19, Lk 21:23) of judgment. This is still the Day of Salvation. However, there is a day coming in which there will be judgment.

 

For they have gone in the way of Cain – In Gen 4 and Heb 11:4, facts concerning the way of Cain can be gleaned. First, it should be understood that the way that one should go is the way of Christ. The way of Cain is by definition not the right way to go. First, Heb 11:4 teaches us that Cain is the antithesis of one having faith. Cain’s sacrifice was that of the fruit of the ground. Abel’s sacrificed embodied the understanding that there was a need for the shedding of blood. Abel’s sacrifice portrayed the right understanding of salvation in that blood needed to be shed. Cain’s sacrifice, on the other hand, pictures the man that offers the work of His toil in the fields. In the plainest sense, the difference in the true and all other false gospels can be seen in the story of Cain and Abel. Abel had faith in the work of God. Cain had faith in the work that is done in the earth. Therefore, Cain’s way is that of a false gospel. This reminds the readers of the deceptive nature of the false teachers.

 

Cain was also ‘very wroth’ that his offering was not respected by God (Gen 4:5). The phrase ‘very wroth’ are the Hebrew words H3966 (me’od) which is ‘very’ and H2734 (charah), which literally means ‘to be kindled’ (made hot or angry). When these two words are examined elsewhere in Scripture in the context of ‘jealousy, we find that Saul was ‘very wroth’ (1 Sam 18:8) when the people gave more praise to David that to Saul.  Similar to Cain, Saul wanted to kill David and made several attempts to kill him due to his jealousy.

 

Key Bible passages on the grievous nature of envy:

 

H7065:  Heb: qana

• For he had possession of flocks, and possession of herds, and great store of servants: and the Philistines envied him.  (Gen 26:14)
• And when Rachel saw that she bare Jacob no children, Rachel envied her sister; and said unto Jacob, Give me children, or else I die.  (Gen 30:1)
• And his brethren envied him; but his father observed the saying.  (Gen 37:11)
• And Moses said unto him, Enviest thou for my sake? would God that all the LORD’S people were prophets, and that the LORD would put his spirit upon them!  (Num 11:29)
• A Psalm of David. Fret not thyself because of evildoers, neither be thou envious against the workers of iniquity.  (Psa 37:1)
• For I was envious at the foolish, when I saw the prosperity of the wicked.  (Psa 73:3)
• They envied Moses also in the camp, and Aaron the saint of the LORD.  (Psa 106:16)
• Envy thou not the oppressor, and choose none  of his ways.  (Pro 3:31)
• Let not thine heart envy sinners: but be thou in the fear of the LORD all the day long.  (Pro 23:17)
• Be not thou envious against evil men, neither desire to be with them.  (Pro 24:1)
• Fret not thyself because of evil men, neither be thou envious at the wicked;  (Pro 24:19)
• The envy also of Ephraim shall depart, and the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not vex Ephraim.  (Isa 11:13)

 

H7068: Heb: qinah

• For wrath killeth the foolish man, and envy slayeth the silly one.  (Job 5:2)
• For jealousy is the rage of a man: therefore he will not spare in the day of vengeance.  (Pro 6:34)
• A sound heart is the life of the flesh: but envy the rottenness of the bones.  (Pro 14:30)
• Wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous; but who is able to stand before envy?  (Pro 27:4)
• Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This is also vanity and vexation of spirit.  (Ecc 4:4)
• Also their love, and their hatred, and their envy, is now perished; neither have they any more a portion for ever in any thing that is done under the sun.  (Ecc 9:6)
• The envy also of Ephraim shall depart, and the adversaries of Judah shall be cut off: Ephraim shall not envy Judah, and Judah shall not vex Ephraim.  (Isa 11:13)

 

G5355: Gr: phthonos

• For he knew that for envy they had delivered him.  (Mat 27:18)
• For he knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy.  (Mar 15:10)
• Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers,  (Rom 1:29)
• Envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, and such like: of the which I tell you before, as I have also told you in time past, that they which do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of God.  (Gal 5:21)
• Some indeed preach Christ even of envy and strife; and some also of good will:  (Php 1:15)
• He is proud, knowing nothing, but doting about questions and strifes of words, whereof cometh envy, strife, railings, evil surmisings,  (1Ti 6:4)
• For we ourselves also were sometimes foolish, disobedient, deceived, serving divers lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful, and hating one another.  (Tit 3:3)
• Do ye think that the scripture saith in vain, The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy?  (Jas 4:5)
• Wherefore laying aside all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings,  (1Pe 2:1)

 

 

Ran greedily after the error of Balaam for reward – In the parallel verses in 2 Pet 2:15-16, the error of Balaam is that he loved the wages of unrighteousness. Balaam was a prophet who desired to curse Israel, but was prevented from doing so by God. He was hired by Balak to curse Israel (Num 22-24). Ultimately, he caused Israel to sin (Num 25:1-8, 31:18). Israel sinned in their fornication with the Midianites (Num 31). Instead of looking for the reward of eternal life, Balaam sought the reward of unrighteous mammon. He ultimately got his earthly reward by causing Israel to pursue lust. Therefore, it should be seen that the example of Balaam is that of lust.  It is similar to those false teachers who compromise and do not speak out against the lusts of the flesh. For their earthly reward of money, popularity or other equally sinful motives, they allow for law breaking without rebuke.

 

 

Perished in the gainsaying of Core – The false teachers discussed in the epistle of Jude are compared to the rebellion of Korah in Num 16. In Num 16, Korah and others challenged Moses’ authority. Moses had been the leader of Israel and the rebels led by Korah questioned why they could not be leaders with Moses. Korah was of the tribe of Levi, but he was not a priest (Ex 6:16-21). He was of Kohath of the sons of Levi (Num 16:1). Therefore, he had service in the tabernacle to take care of the ark, the altars, the table of showbread and the lampstand. These were very significant responsibilities concerning the most holy of the objects of the tabernacle (Num 4:1-20). His act of rebellion in wanting part of the leadership of the congregation signifies those who are in the church and are greedy for power and position. Instead of humbly submitting to God’s divine purpose of His church, Korah sought to alter this arrangement.  This is a warning for all those in the church that seek position and power in the church. Instead of humbly being a bond servant of God, there are those in the congregation that want to subvert the authority of God and strive to set their own place. A Biblical example of the subversion of authority is that of the place of women in the church. Although the Bible is very clear that woman are not have authority or teach men (1 Tim 2:11-12) and that they are to be silent in the congregation (1 Cor 14:34-35), there are many woman that have placed themselves in authority in the church. There are women pastors in the church which is contrary to Scripture (Titus 1, 1 Tim 3). Moreover, there are many men who clearly do not meet all the qualifications for being an elder given in Titus 1 and 1 Tim 3, yet earnestly desire to exert their authority over others.

12: Spots in Love Feasts, Clouds without Water, Trees with Withered Fruit

 

These are spots in your feasts of charity, when they feast with you, feeding themselves without fear: clouds they are without water, carried about of winds; trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit, twice dead, plucked up by the roots (Jude 12)

 

	Lust	Rebellion	Deception
Verse 12	Spots in love feasts, feeding themselves	Trees whose fruit withers, without fruit, twice dead	Clouds without water, carried by the winds

 

Jude 12 provides yet another triplet of descriptions of the false teachers and their activity in the church.

 

These are spots in your feasts of charity, when they feast with you – First, it should be noticed that the false teachers are called spots (Gr: spilas). This word points to the fact that the false teachers may be a very small group, but they can easily affect the entire feast. A little leaven leavens the whole lump (1 Cor 5:6). The Bible commands believers to keep the feast without the leaven of sin, but rather the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth (1 Cor 5:8).  The true church has no spot or wrinkle (Eph 5:27, James 3:6, 2 Pet 3:13). Those who are false teachers will tend to blemish an otherwise holy institution.

 

 

The feasts of love referred to likely refers to the communion of the Lord’s supper (Mat 26:26‑29, Mk 14:22‑25, Lk 22:17‑20, 1 Cor 11:23‑25, 1 Cor 10:10:16, John 6:48‑58, 14:20, 15:5, 1 John 3:24, Eph 2:6, Gal 2:20, etc.). The Lord’s supper represents the breaking of Christ’s body and the partaking of His blood. In the communion service, the Gospel is corporately proclaimed as His body (representing the Word of God) is broken and His blood is partaken of (representing the giving of the life of Christ). It is this sacrament by which we show (or preach) the Gospel to those in the congregation who are not saved (1 Cor 11:26).

 

Feeding themselves without fear – They sensually partake of the Lord’s supper, believing that they are part of the true body of Christ. However, they have no godly fear (see comments on verse 23). They should examine their wicked works (2 Cor 13:5) and observe that God is a holy God who sends people to damnation. They do not realize that their wicked works are evidence that the wrath of God abides on them. They are spiritually blind (Mat 13:13‑16, Acts 28:26f, Jer 31:8, Is 59:10, 35:6, 42:7,16‑19, Ro 11:8,25, Is 6:9, Jer 5:21, Ez 12:2, John 9:39‑41).

 

Clouds they are without water – This figure has confused many. However, when the Bible is examined, these figures are easily understood and fit the context of the epistle well. Clouds are the representation of glory. Christ is said to come on the clouds of glory (Mat 24:30 et al). It is the cloud that filled the temple of God which is referred to as glory (2 Chr 5:13-14). In the negative sense, clouds can refer to those who boast falsely of their gifts (Pr 25:14). However, these glorious looking people actually contain no water. In context, the Bible teaches us that both water and rain represent the Gospel:

 

Water refers to the Gospel ‑ Eph 5:25‑26

Washing of regeneration ‑ Titus 3:5, 1 Cor 6:11, Acts 22:16

Springs of the water of life:

• Initial salvation on earth ‑ Isa 55:1, John 4:14, Jer 2:11‑3, 17:13, Ps 46:4, Job 20:17

• Full effect of salvation ‑ Rev 21:6, 22:1 (eternal life)

Rain – Gospel ‑ Deut 32:1‑2, Isa 55:10‑11

 

In other words, these false teachers may look good on the outside. They may appear to be holy men of God, however, they do not actually contain the Gospel. They are deceivers.

 

Carried about by the winds – The above conclusion is confirmed by this phrase. Wind can represent false prophets (Jer 5:13, Eph 4:14, James 3:4). Particularly it should be noted in Eph 4:14, that the believer should be no more like a child tossed to and fro, and carried about by every wind of doctrine, by the sleight and cunning of man. In this context the wind reminds us of the destructive nature that it contains. The iniquities of the false prophets sweeps them away (Is 64:6) like the wind. Therefore, clouds without water, carried away by the winds represents those bring false teaching into the church by cunning and deception.

 

 

Trees whose fruit withereth, without fruit – The next picture of the false teachers has to do with the example of a tree with withered fruit and without fruit. First, it is important to observe that trees often refer to people and the fruit refers to their good works. The fact that the fruit has withered points to the fact that one who is not saved can appear to exhibit fruit for a while, but it will wither. A tree is known by its fruit (Mat 12:33, 7:16-20, Lk 6:44, etc.).  The paradox that this tree both has withered fruit and it has no fruit is easily explained by the fact that there is no actual fruit of the Spirit present (Gal 5:22-23). The fruit that appeared for a short while was not fruit of the spirit. It was man generated fruit that quickly withered.  This tree does not demonstrate good works since this tree is actually in rebellion to God. Instead of submitting to God’s ways, the tree sought its own way and only bore fruit that withered.

 

Twice dead – The apparent mystery of being twice dead is solved when the nature of man is understood. Man is comprised of two parts. The spirit part of man dies when it sins. Therefore, men are brought into the world spiritually dead (Eph 2:2) and they die physically. On Judgment day, the physical body is raised for judgment. For those who are unsaved, they experience the second death when they are sentenced to an eternity in hell (second death – see Rev 20:11-14). Therefore, twice dead refers to the certainty of not only experiencing spiritual and physical death, but also the second death at Judgment Day.

 

Plucked up by the roots – This phrase is from the Greek word ‘ekrizoo’. It is used in Luke 17:6 when the sycamore tree is plucked up and planted in the sea Also, in Mat 15:13 refers to every plant which has not been planted by the Father will be plucked up. In other words, usage of this word points to judgment. The plucking up of a tree is akin to the pulling up of the tree and casting into the furnace of hell.  The parable of the wheat and tares also illustrates the pulling up of that which is planted (Mat 13:24-30, 37-43). Both the wheat and tares remain together until Judgment Day. However, on Judgment Day the tares are pulled up and burned while the wheat is gathered into God’s storehouse, His barn. Therefore, to be plucked up reminds the readers that Judgment will occur for the false teachers in their midst.

13-15: Waves of the Sea, Wandering Stars, Ungodliness

 

Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness forever. And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints,  to execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him. (Jude 13-15)

 

	Lust	Rebellion	Deception
Verses 13-15	Wild waves, foaming out shame	Ungodly deeds / hard speeches	Wandering stars

 

Raging waves of the sea – This portrait is defined in Isa 57:20 as a description of the wicked. In Isa 57:20, the Scripture teaches that the waves symbolize those who cannot rest (i.e. are not saved).They cast up mire and dirt symbolizing the production of sin. The sensual false teachers are like those who have no faith and waver back and forth (James 1:6). The sea in the Bible refers to hell itself (e.g. Jonah 2:1-5 w/ Mat 12:39-41, Ps 69:1-3,13-15). Finally waves are referred to that which brings forth death (see 2 Sam 22:5, Jonah 2:3). Therefore, the waves referred to here are those false teachers who actually belong to hell, have no faith and practice wickedness.  On the other hand, a sea that has been calmed points to the peace that is provided in salvation. The story of Christ calming the sea (Mat 8:23-27, Mk 4:36-41, Lk 8:22-25, John 6:15-21) or the portrait of the sea like glass in Rev 4:5-9 teach the wonderful truth of salvation through the work of Christ. But a raging sea points to one who is under the wrath of God.

 

Foaming out their own shame – Those unfaithful wicked foam out their own shame. The reference to foam is connected to those who are under the control of Satan (e.g. Mat 9:18-20, Lk 9:39). Although the waves appear to be very significant and powerful, their end is just trivial foam which quickly dissipates. The foam is likened to their shame of sin. The waves look good but ultimately result in shame. Therefore, the illustration of the waves that result in the foam of shame points to those that are intimately connected with hell, are wavering in their faith and ultimately they cast forth the wickedness of sin.

 

Wandering stars – This portrait teaches us about the nature of those who are deceivers in the body of Christ. First, a star is a figure of those who are messengers (Rev 1:16, 20, Mat 2:2). In the good sense, they represent those who bring the message of the Gospel, most notably Christ as the bright morning star (Rev 2:28, 22:16, 2 Pet 1:19). In the negative sense, they represent those who bring a false gospel. This usage is confirmed in the context of Jude 13 since they are called wandering stars. The word ‘wandering’ (Gr: planetes) is derived from the same root word that means to deceive (Gr: plane). A star that wanders is a star that moves about. Spiritually speaking, a wandering star is a deceiving messenger or a person who brings a false gospel.To whom is reserved the blackness of darkness forever – The punishment of those who bring a false gospel is the darkness forever. In other words, their fate is an eternity in hell. The blackness referred to points to the fact that there is no light of the Gospel and therefore no salvation. Forever points to the eternal suffering of hell fire. Blackness, or the lack of the light of God, is intimately connected with hell (2 Pet 2:17, Nat 8:12, 22:13, 25:30). Darkness also points to the fact that there is no hope (Ro 1:21, 2:19, Acts 26:18, 1 Pet 2:9, Eph 4:18, Ro 11:10).

 

And Enoch also – The reference to ‘also’ points to the fact that this prophecy of Enoch which is going to follow is being included into the Scriptures at the time of the writing of Jude. There is no book of Enoch that is recognized as part of the Bible. However, this particular statement is being included into Scripture through the writing of Jude inspired by God. The reference to Enoch is significant in that Enoch, like Elijah was translated or taken into heaven without tasting death (Heb 11:5, Gen 5:21-23). Enoch is a figure of all those who will be physically alive at the second return of Christ and are resurrectd to be forever with the Lord (1 Thess 4:13-18, 1 Cor 15). The reference here to Enoch is significant in that the message of Enoch is one of the return of Christ in judgment.

 

The seventh from Adam – This mysterious reference is Biblically true (Gen 5:18-23), however underscores the perfection (i.e. the spiritual meaning of the number 7, see Rev 1:4, 1:12, 16, 20, 4:5, 5:1,5, 8:2,10:3-4, 12:3, 13:1,15:1, 15:6-7, 17:1-10, 21:9, etc.) of Enoch as one who is taken into the presence of God. It can also represent the perfection of God’s plan in that Enoch is intimately identified with the end of time. Adam was the first man who failed, Enoch represents the saved man physically alive at God’s return.

 

Prophesied of these, saying – Enoch acts as a prophet. He speaks forth the Word of God. In this context, he pronounces the judgment of God on the false teachers. Once again, the reader is reminded that judgment is by the Word of God, not man speaking of his own devices (John 7:18), a problem with the false teachers discussed in the book of Jude.

 

Behold – The Greek Word means to see. In other words it is a reminder that one who is spiritually blind will not be able to understand the truth of the Scriptures (Mat 13:13-16, Acts 28:26f, etc.).

 

The Lord cometh – A fundamental truth of Scripture is that there is a day that Christ returns. There is a judgment day coming. When Christ returns, believers are resurrected and inherit their spiritual bodies (1 Cor 15).

With ten thousands of His saints – The term ten thousands is the Greek word meaning myriad. It is the largest number used in the Bible. Therefore, it can be seen that there is a great multitude that are with Christ, judging with Him. On the one hand there are few who are saved compared to the amount of people who ever will exist (Mat 7:13‑21, Lk 13:24, Is 24:6, Rev 3:1‑6, Mat 20:16, 22:14, Lk 18:8), but on the other hand this small percentage makes up a great multitude (Rev 7:9, Gal 3:6-29, Mat 4:25, etc.) or myriad of believers (Dan 7:10, 11:12, Ps 144:13, 3:6, 91:17, Deut 32:30, 33:2, 17, Lev 26:8). The reference to saints confirms that these who come with Christ for judgment are believers. It should be noted that the armies that come with Christ on judgment day can include both believers and spiritual entities (i.e. angels). Believers judge with Christ at the second coming. Judgment is now for the church, however, there will be a day when judgment will be on the unsaved. It is the saints who will judge the world (1 Cor 6:2).

 

To execute judgment upon all – As discussed above, it is the believers who return with Christ in judgment. Christ comes as Judge on the last day. Those who did wickedly and practiced lust, rebellion and deception will be thrown into an eternity in hell.

 

And to convince all that are ungodly among them – The word convince is a strong word. While it is true that while men live, there is an element of blindness concerning their standing with God. There are many who believe that they are saved when they are not (Mat 7:21-23). However, on Judgment they shall stand before the Great White Throne and receive judgment (Rev 20). Their sins will be made manifest for all to see. There will be nothing covered which will not be known. Whatever was spoken in secret will be proclaimed from the housetops ((Lk 12:2-3, Mk 4:22, Mat 10:26-27). The ungodly are among them. Just as the wheat and tares grew together, so do the saved and unsaved (Mat 13). The true believers are hidden in the world in that they coexist with unsaved. The ungodly here points to the fact that those who live a life of sin will receive judgment.

 

Of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed – Mankind are judged and sent to hell for their sins. To be ungodly means to be in rebellion to the way of God. The wages of sin is death (Ro 6:23). It is the utter depravity of man that results in being under the wrath of God.

And of all their hard speeches that the ungodly sinners have spoken against him – The repetitive use of ungodly (4 times) in this one verse underscores the rebellion of these false teachers. These speak hard (Gr: skleros) against God. They are in rebellion to God and their speech reveals that they are in rebellion to God since there teaching is not in accord with the Bible. True believers will not teach repetitive false doctrine. These false teachers are against Christ. Hearkening back to verse 4, they deny Christ. Christ is denied when the Bible is denied since He is the Word of God (John 1:1).

16: Lusts, Flatteries, Murmurers (Complainers)

 

These are murmurers, complainers, walking after their own lusts; and their mouth speaketh great swelling words, having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage. (Jude 16)

 

	Lust	Rebellion	Deception
Verse 16	Walking after their own lusts	Murmurers, complainers	Speak great swelling words, having people’s admiration

 

These are murmurers, complainers – The striking illustration that we already have seen concerning rebellion to God is that of Korah’s rebellion (Num 16). In this story, we find men who instead of keeping their eyes focused on the task at hand, they wanted positions of leadership in the congregation. Similarly, these false teachers rebel against God in that they murmur and complain. In other words, they are not content with their situation. They want the place of authority. They want people to listen to them. They want their names in the limelight. Instead, they should have humility and be obedient. In fact, there were many examples of Israel in the wilderness as complainers and murmurers (Num 14:2-29, 16:41, 49, 17:5,10, 26:63-65).

 

The term murmurers (Gr: goggusmos) in the New Testament signifies those who challenge authority (see Mat 20:11, 1 Cor 10:10, Lk 5:30, John  6:41-43,61, 7:12,32, Lk 15:2, 19:7, Acts 6:1, Phil 2:14).

 

The term complainers (Gr:memphomai) in the New Testament signifies those who find fault both in a good sense (e.g. God – Ro 9:19, Heb 8:8) and a negative sense (e.g. Mk 7:2, Jude 16). In this context in Jude, it is negative.

Therefore, the description of the false teachers as murmurers and complainers in Jude points to the fact that these individuals challenge authority and find fault with things and people in the congregation. This is a powerful warning for all believers of all time. It is easy to find fault with others in the church and to not submit to authority. However, it is a godly endeavor indeed to submit to one’s leadership in all things lawful (Heb 13:7,17). Additionally, it is not the business of church members to point out the sin in others unless they have a God given authority to do so (Ro 2:1-5, Mat 7:1-5, James 4:11-12, Ro 14:10).

 

Walking after their own lusts – To walk after their own lusts points to the fact that the false teachers taught lasciviousness. They were content with teaching that it is fine to live like the world and still call oneself a Christian. To walk (1 Thess 4:1, Eph 5:2,8, Col 1:10, Gal 5:16, Ro 6:4) means that their lives were characterized by their lusts. It was no isolated case that they would fall into sin. Rather their lives were not characterized as holy, but rather as sinful.

 

and their mouth speaketh great swelling words – What comes out of the mouth reveals that which is in the heart and it is by the mouth that a man is defiled (Mat 15:1-20, Ro 3:14,19, Col 3:8Rev 13:5, Micah 6:12, Zeph 3:13, Pr 15:2, James 3:3,10). What comes out of their mouth were ‘great swelling words’ (Gr: huperogkos). This Greek word that is translated as ‘great swelling words’ is also used in 2 Pet 2:18 and points to that which becomes large but really is vanity or emptiness. In other words, it is the deceptive teaching of these false teachers that is empty. Their teaching is likely filled with eloquent words, wonderful illustrations, and other pious poisons of the mouth, but they are really empty since they do not contain the Word of God or if they do they corrupt the Word of God. God, through Paul, teaches us that it is not needful to come with great eloquent speeches, but rather to teach Christ (1 Cor 2:1-14) in simplicity (2 Cor 11:3). Moreover, we recall that it was by unlearned and ignorant Galileans that God brought forth the Gospel in the early church (Acts 4:13). Therefore, a characteristic of a false teacher is that he will use large theological words, many illustrations, historical references, and other intellectual references and material. They will tend to use reference books and theologians rather than the Word of God.  They appeal to the wisdom of man rather than the wisdom of God.

 

Having men’s persons in admiration because of advantage – Because the words of a false prophet are swelling, they will tend to have people attracted to their eloquence and other vocal abilities. The likely come with the wisdom of man, not the wisdom of God. Because they speak very well, people will tend to follow them. False teachers are motivated by financial gain and political power. They, as Diotrophes (3 John), want to have the limelight. They want followers. They want numbers. It is similar to many, many churches today that strive for church numbers through compromise.

 

The word admiration is literally the word ‘wonder’. In other words, men will be fascinated with the deceptive teaching of the deceivers. Because they love the world they love to follow those who appeal to man’s wisdom.

17-19: Mockers / Divisions / Soulish

But, beloved, remember ye the words which were spoken before of the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ; How that they told you there should be mockers in the last time, who should walk after their own ungodly lusts. These be they who separate themselves, sensual, having not the Spirit. (Jude 17-19)

 

	Lust	Rebellion	Deception
Verses 17-19	Sensual, not having the Spirit	Mockers who walk after their ungodly lusts	Separate themselves

 

But, beloved, remember ye the words spoken before – What has been recorded in the epistle of Jude should not come as a surprise to the readers. The fact that there would be false teachers and false prophets was often spoken of in the Word of God. The readers are noted as ‘beloved’ since this epistle, as well as the whole Bible, is written to those who are believers. It should be noted that the Scriptures teach that God does not love all men (Ps 5:5, Mal 1:2-3, Ro 9:13, etc.). It is the elect that He loves. The reference to remembering points to the fact that the Scriptures are a cohesive whole (2 Pet 1:13-15, 2 Pet 3:1, Lk 22:61, 1 Cor 11:24-25, Lk 22:19, Mal 3:16). The Scriptures interpret themselves and they are their own dictionary (see also discussion in comments on verse 5). It was holy men of old that spoke as the Spirit moved them (2 Pet 1:19-21).

 

Of the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ – This phrase reminds the readers that God speaks through men by the Bible. God used the apostles to bring forth the Word of God (Ro 1:5, 11:13, 1 Cor 1:1, Jude 17, 2 Pet 1:1‑2, 3:2, 1 Pet 1:1, Col 1:1, Eph 1:1, 2 Cor 1:1,   1 Cor 1:1, Titus 1:1, 2 Tim 1:1,11, 1 Tim 1:1, Acts 1:2). God brought the truth of the Bible by means of direct revelation, but also by signs and wonders through the work of the apostles (2 Cor 11:5, 12:11‑12, Acts 2:43, 5:12, Acts 4:33, Acts 8:6,13‑14). Once the Bible was completed, God no longer used the apostles to bring additional revelation. The Scriptures have been once delivered to the saints (see verse 4). The reference to the apostles reminds those who read Jude that the Bible is complete and if there come along false teachers that bring additional or different revelation, then the reminder of judgment must be considered.

 

How that they told you there should be mockers in the last time – In verses 17-19, we again find three descriptions of the false teachers. The first that we see is that there are mockers in the last times. The Bible teaches that the last days began when the Holy Spirit was poured out on Pentecost (Acts 2:16-21). Therefore, it is important to remember that false teachers (mockers) will exist throughout the New Testament church period (e.g. see 1 John 4:1-3). The word ‘mockers’ is the same Greek word translated scoffers in 2 Pet 3:3. In both Jude 18 and 2 Pet 3:3, mockers are said to follow their ungodly lusts. In Pet 3:3, there is additional information that mockers question that there will be a judgment day. In other words, a mocker is one who follows lustful sin and is not concerned about judgment against their sin. Therefore, these false teachers are like those who have taught that sin is acceptable. This false teacher does not emphasize hell and the wrath of God (see Ro 2:16).

 

Who should walk after their own ungodly lusts – The sensual mockers have their life characterized (i.e. walk – 1 Thess 4:1, Eph 5:2, 8, Col 1:10, Gal 5:16, Ro 6:4) by their ungodly lusts. To walk is to reflect the pattern of their lives. Psalm 1 warns believers to not walk in the counsel of the ungodly. Jude 18 is a parallel passage that warns that these ungodly teachers are within the very church of God.

 

These be they who separate themselves – An interesting characteristic of the false teachers is that they separated themselves. This points to division within the church. However, it should be observed that they have crept in the church and are present there (Jude 3-4). The separation discussed here involves the lack of unity that is caused in the church due to false teaching. 1 Cor 11:18-19 teaches that there must be divisions in the church so that those who are true may be seen. In other words, it is the false teacher who causes the separation. When the true believer takes a stand and will not compromise the Scriptures, they are not causing the division since they stand unified with God. It is only those who bring error into the church that results in a divided church (Ro 16:17‑19, Mat 24:16, 1 Tim 6:3‑5, Gal 1:8, 1 Cor 16:22, Titus 3:9‑11, 2 John 10, 1 Cor 1:10‑17, 3:1‑6, 11:18‑19, Lk 12:51‑53, Mat 10:34‑36, 1 John 2:19, Acts 20:30). Therefore, it is false doctrine and false teachers that causes separation and division within the church.

 

Sensual, not having the Spirit – As has been seen through the epistle, these false teachers are sensual. They follow their own lusts and allow lasciviousness to be and acceptable behavior in the church. The underlying reason that they are sensual is that they do not have the Spirit of God. To be holy, one must be indwelled by the Holy Spirit (2 Tim 1:14, Ro 8:9, etc.). It is the Holy Spirit who is our teacher (John 14:26, 1 John 2). He enlightens us and opens our darkened minds to understand the truth of Scripture. Therefore, the false teachers are sensual because they have never been truly born again and filled with the Holy Spirit (Ro 8:1-9, 2 Tim 1:14, Eph 5:18).

20-25: The Christian Response to False Teachers

 

But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost, Keep yourselves in the love of God, looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life. And of some have compassion, making a difference: And others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh. Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy, To the only wise God our Saviour, be glory and majesty, dominion and power, both now and ever. Amen. (Jude 20-25)

 

But ye, beloved – After analyzing many characteristics of the false teachers, the Scripture turns to examine seven actions that a Christian should take. It is the Christian who is loved by God and therefore, it is important to listen to what the loving Father has to say (see notes on 1:3).

 

Building up yourselves on your most holy faith – Instead of causing divisions by teaching falsely about God’s word, rather there must be a building up (or edifying) of the church. The word building reminds the reader that there is a building that is being made by God. Believers are to build the kingdom of God ‑ 1 Cor 3:16‑17. Christians are noted in the Scriptures as being a building or are related to building of the house of God ‑ Zech 1:16, 2:1‑2, 1 Chr 29, 2 Sam 8:2, Hab 3:6, Rev 21:15‑17, Is 40:12, 65:7, Deut 21:2, Num 35:5.

 

As the individual Christian is built up (or edified) the whole body of Christ, the temple, will be built. The building must be built on the most holy faith. By this, it must be understood that it is the Faithful One, Jesus Christ (Rev 1:5, 3:14, 1:9, 19:11, Heb 10:23, 1 Cor 1:9, 10:13, 1 Thess 5:24, 1 John 1:9, Is 49:7), upon whom the building is to be built. It is the faith of Christ, by which Christians are saved (Gal 2:16, see also Gal 3:2,5,7, Gal 2:20, Phil 3:9, Ro 3:22, Ro 1:17, Rev 2:13, 14:12). This faith is holy because it is not our faith, it is the Faith of Christ (Gal 2:16, Phil 3:9). It is a perfect belief. The faith that we are saved by is that faith which is Christ’s that is given to us by God (2 Pet 1:1, Eph 2:8‑9, Phil 1:29, John 6:65, John 3:27, 1 Cor 4:7, Heb 12:2, 1 Tim 1:14). Christ is the author and finisher of salvation (Heb 12:2). To build on the faith of Christ is accomplished by the Bible itself which brings spiritual growth. The Bible works in believers. The Word of God effectively works in those who believe (1 Thess 2:13, 1 Pet 2:2). The Holy Bible is that precious gold that is given to us by God to bring believers into conformance with His will. Bible study is a very important ingredient in the believers walk with God (2 Tim 2:15).

 

Praying in the Holy Ghost – Another important work of the believer is to pray. Prayer is commanded in the Bible. Believers are commanded to pray without ceasing (1 Thess 5:17, Eph 6:18, James 5:16). However, to pray in the Holy Spirit is to recognize that the Christian does not always know what to pray for as he should. Therefore, the indwelling Holy Spirit intercedes for the believer with groanings that cannot be uttered (Ro 8:26).

 

Keep yourselves in the love of God – This is the third command to Christians. The command reminds the reader that the Christians must strive to keep the commandments of God. To love is to keep the commands of God (2 John 6). Therefore, to keep ourselves in the love of God is to earnestly strive to be obedient to God’s Word. Christians are holy and all Christians desire to be obedient to the Word of God (e.g. 1 John 2:3-6).

 

Looking for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life – An important command to believers is to watch. Christians are to earnestly hasten and look for the day of Christ, our blessed hope (Titus 2:13). This is important since Christians do not place their hope in this world, but in future glory. If Christians have hope in this world only, they are of men most pitiable (1 Cor 15:19). The mercy of God (see verse 2) points to the fact the Christians deserve an eternity in hell, but rather they have received mercy from the Father of Mercies (2 Cor 1:3). It is eternal life that is Christian’s hope and glory.

 

And of some have compassion, making a difference – This fifth command teaches Christians to send forth the Gospel in a manner of mercy and compassion. Mercy is to have compassion of not desiring a person to receive that which he should receive. Spiritually, it points to the nature of salvation. Salvation is only gained by mercy. It is only by God’s mercy that we are spared from an eternity in hell (2 Cor 4:1, Phil 2:27, 1 Tim 1:13‑16, Mat 17:15, Ro 9:15‑18). To command believers to have compassion (lit: mercy) is to command them to share the salvation of God with the unsaved.

 

‘Making a difference’ is the Greek word diakrino. This is used as contend (Jude 9, Acts 11:2) or doubt (Mat 21:21, Mk 11:23, Acts 10:20, 11:12, Ro 14:23) elsewhere in Scripture. In either case, this term seems to indicate that our concern for salvation for others must involve compassion and care for their concerns.

 

And others save with fear – The sixth command is to also to send forth the Gospel in the hope of salvation of the unsaved. The meaning of verse 22 of having compassion (mercy) on some is confirmed by what is said in verse 23. While verse 22 reflects a method of sharing the Gospel that is filled with compassion and careful concern and discussion, verse 23 seems to point to the method of sharing the Gospel that clearly warns people of hell and sin.  Of course those who share the Gospel cannot save another person, however, it is true that God uses men to bring forth the Gospel and, therefore, are instrumental in salvation (Ro 10:16-18).  Fear points to the fact that the Gospel must also contain a message of judgment (Ro 2:16). Judgment is intimately involved with the message of salvation. People need salvation from the wrath of God (Ro 5:9).

 

Pulling them out of the fire – Fire points to judgment (2 Thess 1:6‑8, Jude 7, 2 Pet 3:7, Heb 10:27, 12:29, Mat 25:41). It is the destructive power that causes what is otherwise whole to be broken down and destroyed. Hell fire is symbolic of the destructive nature of hell. Without salvation, the fate of the unsaved is the unquenchable eternal hell fire.  It is interesting to note that when one is saved they are pulled out of the fire. In other words, the unsaved are already under the penalty of hell. John 3:36 states that the wrath of God abides on unbelievers. It is only when salvation comes is it possible that the fire of being under the wrath of God is escaped from.

 

Hating even the garment spotted by the flesh – When one becomes saved, they must be at a point of hatred for one’s own life. If one does not hate oneself, they cannot be a disciple of Christ (Lk 14:26). It is the spiritual that gives life, the flesh profits nothing (John 6:63). The spotting of the garment points to the filthiness of the flesh. Filthiness in the Bible refers to the dirt of sin that spoils an otherwise clean garment (uncleanness / demonic possession ‑ Ez 22:15, Lam 1:9, Rev 16:13, 1 Cor 7:14 (not holy), Eph 5:3‑5, 4:19, Col 3:5, 1 Thess 2:3, 4:7, Gal 5:19, 2 Cor 12:21, Ro 1:24, 6:19, Mat 23:27, Is 4:4, James 1:21, 2 Cor 7:1, Pr 30:12, Ez 22:15, 24:11‑13, 36:25). When saved, Christians receive the beautifully clean robe of Christ’s righteousness (Is 61:10).  The flesh points to that which brings forth lusts. The flesh lusted against the Spirit (Ro 8:1-9, Ro 7:14-25). The above phrase points to the fact that there must be repentance evident for a faith to be authentic. Those who are saved must have repented of the works of the flesh and have learned to hate the sins of the flesh.

 

Now unto Him who is able to keep you from falling – This phrase reassures the Christians reading this epistle that God will keep them from falling into the same fate as the false teachers. To fall in the Bible points to judgment. It points to the fact that those who fall are not able to stand fast in Christ. God is able to make His people stand (Ro 14:4), however. The fact that true believers will persevere cannot be denied. God has given His people eternal life. He who has started a good work will finish it (Phil 1:6).

 

and to present you faultless before the presence of His glory – When Christ returns, there will be a resurrection of believers into spiritual bodies (1 Cor 15, 1 Thess 4:13-18). At this time, the fleshly bodies will be transformed into spiritual glorified bodies. All sin will be banished. Saved individuals, as long as they live in a fleshly body are plagued by the temptations of sin (Ro 8:1-9, Ro 7:14-25). When Christ returns in glory, Christians will also be glorified.

 

With exceeding joy – When Christ returns, every tear will be wiped away. The eternal state of believers is one of bliss and joy (Is 61:10, 1 Pet 4:12-13, Ro 5:2,11). There will be no more suffering or pain.

 

To the only wise God our Savior – Many truths can be gleaned here:

 

• There is one true God (Deut 6:4‑6, 4:35‑39, John 10:30, 1 Cor 8:4, Eph 4:6).
• God is ultimately wise (Ps 104:24, Pr 3:19, 8:22‑36, John 1:1‑3, 1 Cor 1:24‑30, Heb 1:3, Dan 2:20, Ro 11:33).
• God is our Savior from the wrath of God (Ro 5:9).
• Wisdom is intimately connected with the Word of God (Job 28, Pr 1:2,7, 2:2‑10, 3:13,19, 4:4‑11,1 Chr 22:12, 1 Cor 1:17‑2:13, 2 Cor 1:12, Eph 1:8,17, 3:10, Col 1:9,28, 2:3,23, 3:16, James 1:5, 3:15‑17, 2 Pet 3:15, Rev 13:18).
• Christians have wisdom in Christ ‑ Col 2:3. Christ is wisdom ‑ 1 Cor 1:24, 30, Lk 11:49
• Having wisdom is characteristic of those who are saved in Christ ‑ 1 Cor 1:19‑2:16, 3:18, 4:10, Eph 5:15, Mat 7:24, 10:16, 25:2‑9, Lk 12:48, 2 Tim 3:15, 2 Cor 1:12, Col 1:9,28, 2:3, 3:16, Rev 5:12, 7:12, 13:18, Job 28, Rev 17:9.
• It is not by man’s wisdom that many is wise – Jer 4:22, Ro 1:22, Is 29:14, James 3:15, 2 Cor 1:12-13, Col 2:23, 1 Cor 1:19, 2:6, 3:19-20, Acts 17:18, Col 2:8. It is only the wisdom found in the Word of God in Christ.

 

This phrase also points to the deity of Christ since the Bible says that there is but one Savior and both God and Christ are called saviors (Lord is savior – Acts 2:21, 4:12, 5:31, 13:23, Eph 5:23, Phil 3:20, 2 Tim 1:10, Titus 1:4, 2:13, 3:6, 2 Pet 1:11, 2:20, 3:2, 18, 1 John 4:14, lk 2:11, John 4:42, Ro 10:9, Jude 25 w/ Ps 106:21, Hos 13:4, Is 45:5, 21, 43:3, 11-13, 41:4, 48:12).

 

Be glory and majesty – To God alone belongs the glory (Ro 11:36, Lk 2;14, Ro 1:23, 2 Cor 1:20, Is 6:3, Ex 33:18‑22, Rev 4:8‑9). Christians exist to glorify God (Eph 1:12,14). To glorify God is to recognize His awesome attributes and give Him the glory He deserves. Majesty points to the fact that it is God alone who is King. God is sovereign over all matters. It is Him alone who rules supreme over His creation. He is Lord of Lords and King of Kings (Rev 17:14, 19:16, etc.).

 

Dominion and power – Dominion points to the fact that God has a kingdom. His kingdom is not of this world although it contains all things created. God’s kingdom is in direct opposition to the kingdom of Satan. It is out of Satan’s kingdom that God draws a people to Himself. God’s power is to be undisputed. He is omnipotent. God has the power to do all things. It is by His power that the miracle of salvation is performed. Although the false teachers that are present in the church may appear to succeed for a while, we are instructed to remember that God is King and is omnipotent. Any continuance of false teachers is allowed for God’s good purpose in sharpening His people in truth.

 

Both now and forever – God is eternal (Rev 1:4‑5,8, Ro 1:20, 1 Tim 1:17, Eph 3:21, Heb 1:8, , Is 57:15,63:16, Lam 5:19, Ps 90:2). God does not change (Heb 13:8, 6:17, Mal 3:6, James 1:7, Ex 3:14, Ro 11:29, Ps 78:65, Num 23:19, Ps 102:25‑27, Heb 1:11‑12). His truth abides forever.

 

Amen – The word amen means faithful and true (Rev 3:14, 2 Tim 2:13, Deut 7:9, Is 11:5, Ps 36:5, Lam 3:22-23, Heb 10:23). Christ is the Faithful and True witness. It is His Word that is true (John 17:17). A fitting close to an epistle that is concerned with false teachers. Christ, as the Word of God, is the truth. We rest assured that the danger of false teaching is a significant concern to us.